以“双碳”战略构建绿色氢能公路交通运输体系

Construct Green Hydrogen Highway Transportation System Driven by "Dual Carbon" Strategy

“双碳”战略倒逼交通行业降碳减排,构建绿色氢能公路交通运输体系势在必行。该文阐释“双碳”战略驱动下氢能公路交通运输行业发展背景,从绿色低碳、综合运行成本较低、长距离续航、安全性四个维度分析氢动力汽车的技术优势。通过剖析欧洲、美国、日本等氢动力交通发展概况,汲取外部经验。基于产业链结构设计氢能公路交通运输体系发展路径:一是因地制宜选择可行的氢源制取方式,二是优化氢能储运技术,三是普及氢能供给基础设施建设,四是提升氢燃料电池与氢内燃机研制水平,五是推广商用汽车制造,六是设立交通碳排放交易市场。由此进一步从四个方面提出加快构建绿色氢能公路交通运输体系的政策建议:加快完善氢动力商用汽车技术标准,合理推动氢能供给网络和加氢站建设,强化氢能交通的财税激励,出台氢能汽车过路费减免政策。

The "Dual Carbon" strategy forces the transportation industry to accelerate carbon reduction and emission reduction, and it is imperative to build green hydrogen road transportation system. The paper explains the development background of hydrogen road transportation industry driven by "Dual Carbon" strategy, and analyzes the technical advantages of hydrogen powered vehicles via four dimensions: green and low-carbon, low comprehensive operating cost, long distance endurance, and high safety. Learn from external experience by analyzing the development of hydrogen power transportation in Europe, the United States, Japan. The development path of hydrogen road transportation system is designed based on industrial chain structure: firstly, select feasible hydrogen source production methods according to local conditions;secondly, optimize hydrogen energy storage and transportation technology;thirdly, popularize the construction of hydrogen energy supply infrastructure;fourthly, improve the development level of hydrogen fuel cells and internal combustion engine;fifthly, promote the manufacturing of commercial vehicles;sixthly, establish traffic carbon emission trading market. Furthermore, policy recommendationsare put forward to accelerate the construction of green hydrogen energy highway transportation system from four aspects: improving the technical standards for hydrogen powered commercial vehicles, promoting the construction of hydrogen energy supply networks and hydrogen refueling stations, strengthening fiscal and tax incentives for hydrogen energy transportation, and reducing and remitting road tolls for hydrogen energy vehicles.