三明市两系杂交水稻制种气候安全性分析

Analysis on Climatic Security of Two-line Hybrid Rice Seed Production in Sanming City

为明确三明市两系杂交水稻制种关键时期和适宜区域,分析了三明市及周边共21个气象站近40 a的逐日气象资料。结果显示,两用不育系育性风险随海拔升高而加大,影响水稻抽穗开花安全的高温热害风险在河谷地带比较高。海拔220~400m站点的育性安全期主要是7月中旬至8月中下旬,海拔40~220m站点的育性安全期主要是8月上中旬至9月上旬。在海拔40~400 m范围内,育性安全期天数与海拔高度呈显著正相关。将三明市两系杂交水稻制种基地分布在海拔150~550 m的区域,可以获得较长的育性安全期。

To clarify the key period and suitable area of two-line hybrid rice seed production in Sanming City, the daily meteorological data of 21 meteorological stations in Sanming City and its surrounding areas in recent 40 years were analyzed. The results showed that the fertility risk of dual-purpose sterile lines increased with the increase of altitude,and the risk of high temperature heat damage affecting the safety of rice heading and flowering was higher in river valley. The safe period of fertility was mainly from mid-July to mid-late August at the 220 ~ 400 m elevation stations,and from mid-August to early September at the 40 ~ 220 m elevation stations. In the range of 40 ~ 400 m above sea level, there was a significant positive correlation between the number of days of safe period of fertility and altitude. If the two-line hybrid rice seed production base in Sanming City is distributed in the area of 150 ~ 550 m above sea level,a longer safe period of fertility can be obtained.