缓释复混肥运筹方式对宜香优2115氮肥利用率及产量的影响

Effects of Slow-release Compound Fertilizer Management on Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Yield of Yixiangyou 2115

在总施氮量为150 kg/hm^(2)条件下,设置4种缓释复混肥运筹方式处理,分别为100%一次性基施(F1)、70%基肥+30%分蘖肥(F2)、70%基肥+30%穗肥(F3)和40%基肥+30%分蘖肥+30%穗肥(F4),研究缓释复混肥运筹方式对宜香优2115氮肥利用率及产量的影响。结果表明,缓释复混肥运筹方式对宜香优2115群体茎蘖数的影响主要在生长前期和后期,其中在分蘖中期、拔节期和成熟期分别以F1、F2和F3处理最高;F1和F3处理在成熟期干物质积累量均相对较高。在4种缓释复混肥处理下,氮肥农学利用率、氮肥偏生产力、氮肥贡献率、氮肥吸收利用率、每穗总粒数和产量均表现为F3>F1>F4>F2,而氮肥生理利用率和有效穗数则表现为F3>F1>F2>F4,结实率和千粒重整体差异较小。综上,在本试验条件下,F3处理时宜香优2115的氮肥利用率和产量最高,效果最好;F1处理在降低劳动成本的同时,使宜香优2115具有较高的氮肥利用率和产量。

Under the condition of 150 kg/hm^(2) total nitrogen application, four methods of slow-release compound fertilizer management were set, which were 100% one-time base application(F1), 70% base fertilizer + 30% tiller fertilizer(F2), 70% base fertilizer + 30% panicle fertilizer(F3), and 40% base fertilizer + 30% tiller fertilizer + 30%panicle fertilizer(F4), to study the effects of slow-release compound fertilizer management on nitrogen use efficiency and yield of Yixiangyou 2115. The results showed that the effects of slow-release compound fertilizer management on the population tiller number of Yixiangyou 2115 were mainly in the early and late growth stages, and the highest values were found in F1, F2 and F3 treatments at the mid-tillering stage, jointing stage and maturity stage, respectively.The dry matter accumulation of F1 and F3 treatments was relatively high in the maturity stage. Under the four slowrelease compound fertilizer treatments, the agronomic utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer, contribution rate of nitrogen fertilizer, nitrogen uptake utilization rate, total number of spikelets per panicle and yield had a tendency of F3>F1>F4>F2, while the physiological utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer and effective panicle number had a tendency of F3>F1>F2>F4, and the seed setting rate and 1 000-grain weight had a small difference among the treatments on the whole. In conclusion, under the experimental conditions, F3 treatment of Yixiangyou 2115 had the highest nitrogen use efficiency and yield, and the best effect. While reducing labor cost, F1treatment made Yixiangyou 2115 have a relatively high nitrogen use efficiency and yield.