论“机器论片段”与人工智能技术替代的劳动价值

On the Value of Labor Replaced by ’Fragment on Machines’ and Artificial Intelligence Technology

劳动价值论证实价值的唯一来源应该是人类劳动,在只有人工智能和机器人工作的地方,纯粹的人工智能资本主义可能吗?在“机器论片段”中,劳动价值论可以被机器劳动价值论所取代,因此一个纯粹的人工智能资本主义,其中只有人工智能/机器人工作在理论上是可能的。在资本主义社会,从机器到人工智能的思想史表明人工智能符合资本主义总体意识形态,人工智能是资本主义社会生产和提取剩余价值的工具。而要避免人工智能对人类工作场所的控制,维护人类福祉,首先,要避免“劳动创造价值,人工智能可以劳动,因此,人工智能可以创造价值”的三段论谬误;其次,要认清人工智能对工作场所的控制和剥削实质,在工作场所进行智能决策时依赖机器计算,实际上会给任何关于人工智能实施和使用的伦理带来广泛的问题;最后,要重视人工智能的伦理规范,警惕不以繁荣的福利国家,良好的工作条件或工作和生活的质量体验为导向的人工智能。

The labor theory of value confirms that the only source of value should be human labor. In a place where there is only artificial intelligence(AI) and robots working, is there any possibility of an entire AI-powered capitalism ? As in the ’ Fragment on Machines ’, the labor theory of value can be replaced by the machine labor theory of value, it is likely that a complete AI-powered capitalism can be realized, in which only AI machines/robot are working. In capitalist society, the history of thought from machine to AI shows that AI conforms to the overall ideology of capitalism, and it is an effective tool for capitalist society to produce and extract surplus value.And to get rid off AI control of human workplaces and safeguard human well-being, the first step should be to avoid the syllogistic fallacies like“labor creates value, AI can facilitate labor market, therefore, AI can create value”;secondly, it is necessary to grasp the essence of AI’s control and exploitation of the workplace. Relying on machine computing on the occasion of intelligent decision-making in the workplace actually brings a wide range of problems to ethics on the application and implementation of AI;finally, it is essential to pay attention to the ethical norms of AI and be alert to AI derailed from the purpose of sound public welfare, good working conditions,and quality life and work experiences.