人体离心机对神经系统退行性疾病的防治作用及相关机制研究进展

Research progress in preventive and therapeutic effect of human centrifuge on degenerative central nervous system diseases and related mechanism

人体离心机是地面开展超重训练的主要手段,先后被用于精神疾患的治疗和飞行人员的选拔训练。伴随生命科学领域的技术进步和跨学科知识交融,人体离心机已发展演变成精密机械仪器,并在骨质疏松、肌肉萎缩、心血管功能失调等退行性病变防治方面表现出良好的应用潜能。当前,通过航天员与老年人的对比研究发现,人体在航天失重环境下更易出现类似衰老相关性疾病的表现。由于人体离心机所产生的超重是对抗失重不良生理影响的有效措施,因此离心机在人体衰老相关性疾病中也可能具有防治作用,特别是对与衰老关联密切的中枢神经系统退行性疾病的防治具有积极作用。本文综合国内外文献,分析探讨了人体离心机在失重和正常重力环境下对神经系统退行性疾病的防治作用,以及发挥作用的可能机制,为进一步深入开展相关研究提供理论依据和参考借鉴。

Human centrifuge is the main method of simulating hypergravity on the ground. It has been used for the treatment of psychiatric diseases and the selection and training of pilots. With technological progress in the field of life sciences and the integration of interdisciplinary knowledge, human centrifuge has developed into precision mechanical instrument, and has shown promising application potential in the prevention and treatment of degenerative diseases such as osteoporosis, muscle atrophy, and cardiovascular dysfunction. At present, through comparative studies between astronauts and the elderly, it is found that the human body is more likely to exhibit similar aging-related diseases in a weightless environment in space. Because simulated hypergravity generated by human centrifuge is an effective measure to combat the adverse physiological effects of weightlessness, human centrifuge may also have a preventive effect on human aging-related diseases, especially for the prevention and treatment of degenerative central nervous system diseases closely related to aging. In this review, the authors integrate domestic and foreign literatures, analyze and discuss the prevention and treatment effects of human centrifuge on degenerative central nervous system diseases in weightlessness and normal gravity, as well as the possible mechanisms, so as to provide theoretical basis and reference for further research.