高中人工智能教育类社团经历对参与者职业倾向的影响

Impact of Artificial Intelligence Education-Related Extra-Curricular(AIEC) Experience in High Schools on Students’ Career Orientation

高中是个体职业生涯发展过程中重要的探索阶段,学生在此期间初步形成职业倾向。智能时代背景下人工智能教育类社团大量涌现,但已有研究主要关注传统社团经历对学生专业和职业选择的影响,鲜有研究关注到高中人工智能教育类社团对参与者职业倾向的作用。采用扎根理论研究方法对21位师生的半结构化访谈进行分析后发现:兴趣驱动与升学捷径是高中生参与人工智能教育类社团的主要动机;社团经历对参与者职业倾向的影响主要表现为兴趣发展、专业积累、同侪效应以及行为成就四个方面;此外,专业选择和职业倾向还受升学压力、家庭因素、就业环境、性别差异等因素影响。未来需重新对高中人工智能教育类社团进行角色定位,将其建成促进学生兴趣发展、创新思维培养、大学专业提前学习与未来科技领域职业体验的平台;并采用“家校社协同”模式开展学生职业生涯教育,帮助学生树立正确的职业观。

High school is an exploration stage in the process of individuals’ career development, during which students initially form their career orientation. In the context of the intelligence era, many AI education-related extra-curricular(AIEC) communities have emerged. Previous studies mainly focused on the impact of traditional extra-curricular experience on students’ major and career choices, while few studies explored the impact of AIEC communities in high schools on participants’ career orientation. In this regard, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 21 teachers and students using grounded theory method and found that interest and shortcut to higher education were the main motivations for high school students to participate in AIEC activities. The influence of AIEC experience on participants’ career orientation was mainly manifested in four aspects: interest development,professional knowledge accumulation, peer effect and behavioral achievement. In addition, major choice and career orientation were also affected by the stress to enter universities, family factors, employment environment, gender issue and other factors. Therefore, AIEC communities in high schools need to relocate their roles and try to become a platform to promote the development of students’ interests, cultivate the innovative thinking, and facilitate the advance learning of college majors and future professional experience in science and technology. Students’ career education may adopt the educational model of“family-school-community cooperation”to help students establish correct professional outlook.