农村留守儿童校园欺凌被害现象与防治对策——以重庆市与安徽省的对比研究为视角

The Phenomenon of Left-behind Children’s Bullying on Campus in Rural Areas and the Countermeasures——A Comparative Study between Chongqing and Anhui Province

通过调研重庆、安徽部分地区农村留守儿童校园欺凌被害现象,可以发现,安徽地区农村留守儿童校园欺凌被害现象报告率低于重庆地区,两省市留守男童被害率均高于留守女童,留守儿童实施校园欺凌行为报告率明显较低,相对轻微的校园欺凌类型较为常见。父亲监护“缺位”让重庆地区留守儿童更易成为校园欺凌现象的被害者,特定时空条件使留守儿童更易遭受上述侵害,教师的关爱可以在很大程度上降低留守儿童的被害率。为了防治上述被害现象,家庭层面上应着力减少因监护人外出而产生的监护“真空”;学校层面应多项并举以构建防范制度体系;社会政策层面应着力消除上述被害现象的致害因素。

By investigating the bullying victimization of rural left behind children in some areas of Chongqing and Anhui,it can be found that the reporting rate of bullying victimization of rural left behind children in Anhui is lower than that in Chongqing.The victimization rate of left behind boys in both provinces and cities is higher than that of left behind girls.The reporting rate of left behind children’s bullying on campus is significantly lower,and relatively minor types of bullying on campus are common.The"absence"of father’s guardianship makes left behind children in Chongqing more likely to be victims of bullying on campus.The specific time and space conditions make left behind children more vulnerable to the above violations.The care of teachers can greatly reduce the victimization rate of left behind children.In order to prevent the above victimization,efforts should be made at the family level to reduce the"vacuum"caused by guardians going out;At the school level,multiple measures should be taken simultaneously to build a preventive system;At the social policy level,efforts should be made to eliminate the harmful factors of the abovementioned victimization.