压裂增产过程中页岩储层伤害机理研究进展

Research Progress on Shale Formation Damage Mechanism during Fracturing Stimulation

水平井分段压裂技术是成功开发页岩油气的关键技术。然而,页岩储层低孔低渗、非均质性的地质特性导致其在压裂增产过程中极易受到储层伤害,且伤害程度高,伤害解除难度大,严重影响油气产量。综述了页岩油气压裂增产过程中的主要储层伤害机理,包括物理伤害、化学伤害和微生物诱导伤害,详细讨论了压裂增产过程中各种伤害类型及目前可用的储层保护方法,并对未来储层保护技术的升级发展提出了建议。提高了对压裂增产过程中页岩储层伤害发生原因、地点、程度及影响的认识,并更好地控制、预防、利用,以促进页岩油气高效开发。

Staged hydraulic fracturing technology in horizontal wells is instrumental in developing shale oil and gas reserves.However,due to geological properties like low porosity,low permeability,and formation heterogeneity,shale reservoirs are susceptible to a high degree of damage during the fracturing and stimulation process.Besides,removing the damage is very difficult hence seriously affecting oil and gas production.The main reservoir damage types and mechanisms during the hydraulic fracturing process,including physical,chemical,and microbial-induced damages,were analyzed in this review.Moreover,a detailed discussion on the currently available reservoir protection methods was made while suggesting future upgrades and development of the protection technologies.Consequently,the awareness of the causes,location,degree,and impact of shale reservoir damage during hydraulic fracturing were raised.This knowledge will lead to better control and prevention of formation damage,thus efficient production of shale reservoirs.