芮公叔盘与西周芮国的重要史实

Ruigongshu Pan and the Important History of Rui State in the Western Zhou Dynasty

芮公叔盘系西周早期昭王时器。芮公簋、芮伯簋(卣)、芮公叔簋(盘)等的“芮公”“芮伯”“芮公叔”、“芮姒”“芮少姒”、“祈宫”“祈公”皆分别为同人,前者为昭王时第二代芮伯,芮少姒系其妻,后者系其父,即霸簋与文献的王室大臣“芮公(伯)”,系成康时首封芮君。伯六■鼎与伯鼎的“祈”“祈仲”皆指“祈宫(公)”,“仲”为排行,伯即伯六■系第二代芮伯芮公叔,“伯六■”系称字,“叔”为其名。祈伯簋、旂伯簋的“旂(祈)伯”即芮伯,叔友簋与旂姬鬲“旂姜几母”“旂姬”的“旂”皆系族氏名,系以地为氏。旂(祈)系芮都宫室宗庙所在地,故以旂(祈)代称芮,二者实一。芮国于周初始封于殷商祈族故地,在今陕西扶风一带。

Ruigongshu Pan was an artifact of the early Western Zhou Dynasty,during the reign of King Zhao.“Ruigong”,“Ruibo”and“Ruigongshu”in the inscriptions on Ruigong Gui,Ruibo Gui(You)and Ruigongshu Gui(Pan)refer to the second generation of Ruibo in the reign of King Zhao,“Ruisi”and“Ruishaosi”refer to Ruibo’s wife,and the“Qigong(祈宫)”and“Qigong(祈公)”are Ruibo’s father,the royal minister mentioned in the inscriptions on Ba Gui and the literatures,who was the first lord of Rui in the reigns of King Cheng and Kang.“Qi(祈)”and“Qizhong(祈仲)”in the inscriptions on Boliusi Ding and the Bo Ding refer to“Qigong(祈宫/公)”.“Zhong”means that he is the second son in his family.Bo refers to Boliusi,also Ruigongshu,the second Ruibo.“Boliusi”is his Style name.“Shu”is his given name.“Qibo(旂/祈伯)”in the inscriptions on Qibo Gui refers to Ruibo.The“Qi”in the inscriptions“Qijiangjimu”and“Qiji”on Shuyou Gui and Qiji Li is a family name,taken from the name of the place“Qi”,the capital of“Rui”where the palaces and ancestral temple weres located.So“Qi”is used as a substitute for“Rui”,and the two are actually the same.The State of Rui was originally granted the former place of the Qi clan in the Shang Dynasty in the early Zhou Dynasty,now in the area of Fufeng,Shaanxi Province.