露天矿山深-浅耦合台阶爆破方法研究及应用

Research and Application of Deep-shallow Coupled Step Blasting Method in Open-pit Mine

爆破大块率高一直是困扰国内外众多露天矿山的技术难题,银山矿露天采矿场由于采区地质条件复杂,爆破大块率高的现象尤为明显。为此,针对露天采矿场岩性复杂易产生大块的区域,基于岩石的物理力学性质,计算出千枚岩和斑岩爆破区域需增设的短孔孔位。为减少爆破大块的产生率,提出了中深孔爆破方法—深-浅耦合台阶爆破方法。在银山矿露天采矿场实施深-浅耦合台阶爆破方法后,爆破大块率得到有效控制并取得了显著的社会及经济效益。

The high blasting block rate has always been a technical problem that plagues many open-pit mines at home and abroad.Due to the complex geological conditions of the mining area and the superposition effect formed during blasting,the phenomenon of high blasting block rate is particularly obvious in the open-pit mine of Yinshan Mine.For this reason,for the areas where the lithology of the open-pit mining field is complex and prone to large blocks,based on the physical and mechanical properties of the rock,it is calculated that the phyllite and porphyry blasting areas need to add short holes.In order to reduce the generation rate of large blasting blocks,a medium-deep hole blasting method—deep-shallow coupled step blasting method is proposed.After the method is implemented,the blasting block rate is effectively controlled,and significant social and economic benefits are achieved.