湿式蛙人输送艇水下风险应急处置刍议

Emergent Treatment of Underwater Risks Related to Wet Diver Delivery Vehicle

湿式蛙人输送艇是一种技术较为成熟的、用于多人编队水下作战任务的蛙人运载器。蛙人水下着闭式/半闭式呼吸装置通过湿式蛙人输送艇进行水下投送时,受到装备和环境的影响,水下风险显著增加。虽然国外已有对闭式/半闭式呼吸装置水下作业的潜在风险及其处置措施的相关介绍,但针对湿式蛙人输送艇水下投送过程中的风险及其应急处置鲜有报道。为了更好地了解水下投送过程不同阶段存在的风险,及针对相应风险的预防和处置措施,文中对水下投送时航行阶段和出艇阶段可能存在的风险及其处置进行简要介绍。不仅能为未来水下特种作战蛙人的培训提供指导,也有助于减少投送风险,降低事故发生率以及人员伤残率和死亡率。

As a kind of diver delivery vehicles with relatively mature technology, the wet diver delivery vehicles have been used in the underwater delivery of diver for underwater military operations. The delivery of diver with semi-closed/closed circuit rebreather by wet diver delivery vehicles is influenced by multiple factors such as equipment and underwater environment, which significantly increases the risk for underwater diver. Although there are many risks and related treatments of underwater emergencies during diving with semi-closed/closed circuit rebreather has been introduced abroad, but the underwater risks related to the wet diver delivery vehicles and their treatments have not been reported so far. Herein, this study briefly introduce the potential risks in each phase of underwater delivery of diver with wet diver delivery vehicle and discuss the preliminary management of these risks, aiming to better understand the potential risks in each phase of underwater delivery of diver and timely treatment of these risks once they occur. This will benefit the future training of frogmen for underwater military operations and be helpful in the reduction of disability and mortality related to adverse events during underwater frogman delivery.