生物炭固定重金属的挑战及潜在负面效应研究

Challenges and Potential Negative Effects of Biochar Fixation of Heavy Metals

生物炭因其优越的吸附能力、原料广泛和制备工艺简单等特点在重金属污染土壤修复领域具有广泛的研究。然而,生物炭对重金属的固定化效果受到原料类型、制备工艺和其他外在条件的影响。此外,生物炭中含有的重金属存在着对土壤生态系统、环境安全和农业生产造成潜在危害的风险。这些挑战和风险严重阻碍了生物炭的实际应用进程。因此,本综述详细梳理了当前生物炭在固定土壤重金属领域所面临的问题和挑战,深入探索造成生物炭应用局限性的作用机制,从而为未来的生物炭研究方向提供建议,以期促进生物炭的高效生产和安全应用。

Biochar has been widely studied in the field of remediation of heavy metals contaminated soils due to its superior adsorption capacity,wide range of raw materials and simple preparation process.However,the immobilization effect of biochar on heavy metals was influenced by the type of feedstock,preparation process and other external conditions.In addition,the heavy metals contained in biochar carry the risk of causing potential harm to soil ecosystems,environmental safety and agricultural production.These challenges and risks had seriously hindered the practical application of biochar.Therefore,this review provides a detailed overview of the current problems and challenges faced by biochar in the field of fixing heavy metals in soil,explores in depth the mechanisms of action that contribute to the limitations of biochar,to provide suggestions for future research directions of biochar,in order to realize the efficient production and safe application of biochar.