放松音乐对运动马速度赛成绩及单胺类神经递质含量的影响

Effects of Relaxing Music on Performance and Monoamine Neurotransmitter Content in Speed Races of Exercise Horses

为探讨放松音乐对运动马的作用效果,试验选取饲养管理水平一致、有训练基础且体况良好的3~5岁伊犁马公马15匹,随机分为对照组、轻音乐组、民族音乐组,每组5匹马,1匹马为1个重复,轻音乐组、民族音乐组伊犁马分别于赛前播放轻音乐和民族音乐1 h,对照组不播放音乐,测定并比较马匹800 m速度赛成绩及血液中的5-羟色胺(5-HT)、多巴胺(DA)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、肾上腺素(A)4种单胺类神经递质含量。结果显示:轻音乐组中5-羟色胺含量在第7天和第28天极显著升高(P<0.01),去甲肾上腺素在第0天含量极显著高于第7天(P<0.01);民族音乐组中5-羟色胺含量在第7天和第28天极显著增加(P<0.01),多巴胺含量在第14天极显著高于第21天(P<0.01),去甲肾上腺素含量在第0天和第21天极显著高于第7天、第14天(P<0.01),肾上腺素含量在第0天极显著增加(P<0.01);肾上腺素含量轻音乐组和民族音乐组极显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。轻音乐和民族音乐均可提高运动马5-羟色胺、多巴胺、去甲肾上腺素含量,降低肾上腺素含量,随聆听时间的增加,放松音乐能促进心血管及疲劳恢复,并维持马匹赛前良好状态。

In order to explore the effect of relaxing music on sports horses,15 3 ~ 5-year-old Yili horse stallions with consistent feeding and management level,training foundation and good body condition were selected and randomly divided into control group,light music group and ethnic music group.There are 5 horses in each group,and 1 horse is a repetition.The Yili horses in the light music group and the folk music group play light music and folk music for 1 hour before the competition,respectively.The control group does not play music.Blood levels of four monoamine neurotransmitters,5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),dopamine(DA),norepinephrine(NE),and epinephrine(A).The results showed that: the content of serotonin in the light music group was significantly increased on the 7th and 28th days(P<0.01),and the content of norepinephrine on the 0th day was significantly higher than that on the 7th day(P<0.01);In the music group,the content of serotonin was significantly increased on the 7th and 28th days(P<0.01),the content of dopamine on the 14th day was extremely significantly higher than that on the 21st day(P<0.01),and the content of norepinephrine on the 0th day and the 21st day were significantly higher than the 7th and 14th days(P<0.01),and the adrenaline content was extremely significantly increased on the 0th day(P<0.01);the adrenaline content in the light music group and the folk music group was extremely significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.01).Both light music and folk music can increase the content of serotonin, dopamine,and norepinephrine in sports horses,and reduce the content of adrenaline.With the increase of listening time,relaxing music can promote cardiovascular and fatigue recovery,and maintain horses in good condition before competition.