基于有序Logit模型的扶贫车间工人满意度及其影响因素研究——以宁夏为例

Study on the Satisfaction of Poverty Alleviation Workshop Workers and Its Influencing Factors Based on Ordered Logit Model:Take Ningxia as an Example

扶贫车间是实现巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接的重要载体,它作为产业扶贫继而产业振兴的创新性模式,必须提档升级发展。在文献梳理的基础上,基于宁夏扶贫车间的800份问卷调查和部分访谈,利用有序Logit模型实证分析了工人体验感知、扶贫车间建设质量对扶贫车间发展成效满意度的作用机理。结果显示,工人对扶贫车间发展成效的总体满意度评价较高,扶贫车间发展成效的满意度受个人体验感知特征和扶贫车间建设质量特征两类因素的影响。在个人体验感知特征中,工人的工作收入越高、时间越灵活、居住地距离车间越便利、政策的认知程度越高,他们对扶贫车间发展成效的满意度就越高;在扶贫车间建设质量特征中,扶贫车间工作比外出务工意愿越强、车间发展与乡村振兴发展要求差距越大、产品技术发展水平越高、出售体系越复杂,工人对扶贫车间发展成效的满意度越低。因此,后续提高工人满意度及推进扶贫车间高质量发展,要提升工人参与度,切实完善利益联结机制,重点在于加强技能培训,提升产品技术发展水平,优化车间建设,建立长效化动态管理机制,同时延长车间产品产业链、扎实强化三产融合。

The poverty alleviation workshop is an important carrier to effectively link consolidation and expansion of the achievements in poverty alleviation battle with rural revitalization,which should be necessarily upgraded and developed as an innovative model linking industrial poverty alleviation with industrial revitalization.Through relevant literature review,based on 800 questionnaires and some interviews of poverty alleviation workshops in Ningxia,the mechanism of workers’experience perception and poverty alleviation workshop construction on the development and effectiveness satisfaction of poverty alleviation workshops is empirically analyzed by ordered Logit model.The results show that the overall satisfaction of workers on the development of poverty alleviation workshop is higher,the satisfaction degree on the development effect of poverty alleviation workshop is influenced by two factors:personal experience perception characteristics and quality characteristics of poverty alleviation workshop construction.Among the characteristics of personal experience perception,the higher the working income of workers,the more flexible the time,the more convenient the living place is from the workshop,and the higher the awareness of policies,the higher their satisfaction with the development effect of the poverty alleviation workshop.Among the quality characteristics of poverty alleviation workshop construction,the greater the willingness to work in poverty alleviation workshops compared with migrant workers,the greater the gap between workshop development and rural revitalization and development requirements,the higher the level of product technology development,the more complex the sales system,and workers’satisfaction with the development of poverty alleviation workshops.Therefore,worker satisfaction and promoting high quality development of poverty alleviation workshops should be improved,it is necessary to improve the participation of workers and effectively improve the interest connection mechanism.The following priorities should be considered:Skill training should be strengthened,cash payment capacity and product technology development level should be improved,workshop construction should be optimized,a long-term dynamic management mechanism should be established,workshop product industry chain should be extended and the integration of tertiary industry should be solidly strengthened.