成为总统科学顾问需要具备哪些条件?对历届美国总统科学顾问的考察

What are the Requirements to Become a President’s Science Adviser A survey of past U.S. president’s science adviser

作为美国最高级别的科技咨询体系,总统科学顾问及其决策建议团队是美国一种独特的科技咨询系统。通过对美国历届总统科学顾问的群体特征、学术背景、知识结构、工作经历以及声望进行分析后发现,这些极具政治沟通能力的科学家往往具有卓越的科研能力、丰富的科学管理经验和政治敏感性,他们拥有崇高的社会声誉,尤其擅长知识跨界与沟通,这些特征帮助他们在宏观科技决策制定中发挥了短时的最大影响,而这份能力清单也是成为总统科学顾问所要具备的基本条件,这些经验对我国发现和培养战略科学家以及高层次复合型科学人才具有十分重要的借鉴意义。

As the highest level science and technology advisory system in the United States, the President’s Science Adviser and its decision-making advisory team are a unique science and technology advisory system in the United States. Through the analysis of the American president’s science advisory group characteristics, academic background, knowledge structure, work experience and prestige, it found that these scientists with excellent political communication skills tend to have excellent scientific research ability, rich experience in scientific management and political sensitivity, they have high social reputation, and are especially good at knowledge across borders and communication. These characteristics have helped them exert the most short-term influence in the macro-decision-making of science and technology, and this list of abilities is also the basic conditions to become the president’s science adviser. These experiences are of great significance for the discovery and training of strategic scientists and high-level interdisciplinary scientific talents in China.