二氧化碳的捕获和转化——第54届国际化学奥林匹克试题第3题解析

Capture and Transformation of Carbon Dioxide:Analysis on Problem 3 of the 54th International Chemistry Olympiad

二氧化碳是引起温室效应的“罪魁祸首”,其吸收和转化一直是科学研究的热点之一。第54届国际化学奥林匹克试题第3题围绕CO_(2)的处理,从NaOH碱液吸收CO_(2)出发,结合H2辅助的电化学循环实现吸收剂重生和高纯CO_(2)回收、新型类沸石咪唑骨架多孔材料的结构和催化CO_(2)转化,讲述了一个从经典到前沿、从普通的溶液体系到新型固体材料应用而解决科学问题的故事。藉此,引导年轻的学子关注气候变化,了解基础化学原理在解决环境问题中的重要作用,鼓励学生打好学科基础,投身探索和发展新方法和创制新材料的研究之中。

Carbon dioxide is considered as the“culprit”of the greenhouse effect,and the study on the capture and transformation of carbon dioxide has been being one of the hot topics of scientific research.The problem 3 of the 54th International Chemistry Olympiad focused on this topic:starting from the absorption of CO_(2) by NaOH solution,then presenting the development of the electrochemical cycle assisted by H2 to realize the regeneration of absorbent and the recovery of CO_(2) with high-purity,and finally introducing the structure of new porous materials with zeolite-like imidazolate framework and their application in catalytic conversion of CO_(2).A story was told about solving the problem by the strategy from conventional mothed to frontier research,from ordinary solution systems to new solid materials.The young students are expected to pay attention to the climate change,to have a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental chemical principles in solving environmental problems,and to devote themselves to developing new methods and materials in the field.