中国海洋旅游研究脉络、热点与展望

Research on marine tourism in China: History, hotspots and prospects

海洋旅游是重要的海洋经济类型,加强海洋旅游相关研究是服务中国海洋强国战略的基础性任务。本研究选取中国学术期刊网络出版总库收录的619篇中文文献为样本,系统分析中国海洋旅游研究脉络。研究发现,1992—2021年中国海洋旅游相关研究成果数量呈“起步探索、陡状攀升、波动回落”的变化特征,经历了以海洋旅游环境要素和资源价值评估为主的资源导向与孕育探索阶段(1992—2002年),以多元议题拓展和集成方法创新并重的产业导向与全面推进阶段(2003—2010年),以及同国家发展需求联系紧密、实践应用不断丰富的战略导向与深化拓展阶段(2011—2021年);研究热点集中在海洋旅游理论内涵与研究范畴、资源开发与评价、社会与经济影响、资源环境与可持续发展、目的地开发与管理等5个方面。立足新时期中国海洋旅游理论发展与实践需求,未来应重视学科交互融合、技术手段集成和数据平台建设,提升理论研究同国家战略驱动、地方现实需求和行业实践发展的适配性,为推动中国海洋旅游高质量发展提供理论与决策指导。

Marine tourism is an important type of marine economy.The enhancement of marine tourism and related research is a fundamental task to serve China’s Strategy of Building a Maritime Power.In this paper,619 Chinese journal articles collected by the General Database of Chinese Academic Journals Online Publishing are systematically analyzed to understand the evolution of marine tourism research in China.It is found that the number of publications related to marine tourism in China from 1992 to 2021 is characterized as“starting gradually,increasing sharply,and shrinking with fluctuation”.The reasearch has gone through a resource-oriented exploration phase(1992-2002),which focused on marine tourism environmental elements and resource value assessment;an industry-oriented comprehensive promotion phase(2003-2010),which focused on the expansion of diversified issues and the innovation of integrated methods;and a strategic-oriented expansion phase(2011-2021),which is closely linked to national strategic needs and enriched by practical applications.Previous research has focused on five areas:theoretical connotation and scope of marine tourism,resource development and evaluation,social and economic impact,resources,environment and sustainable development,and destination development and management.Based on the theoretical and practical needs of China’s marine tourism development in the new era,emphasis should be placed on the integration of disciplines,the integration of technical tools and the construction of data platforms,so as to enhance the suitability of theoretical research to the national strategy,local realistic needs and practical development of the industry.Therefore,this paper provides theoretical and decision-making guidance to promote the high-quality development of marine tourism in China.