基于改进社会力模型的地铁站客流组织仿真优化

Simulation and Optimization of Passenger Flow Organization in Subway Station Based on Improved Social Force Model

地铁车站因其内空间有限,随着城市人口增加,客流量也不断增加,针对这种有限的空间内实现乘客安全位移,必须建立一套科学完善的客流组织方案。考虑到行人避让机制,本文对AnyLogic中的社会力模型进行了改进,以西安地铁二号线与三号线交汇的小寨站为例,将实际客流数据输入改进后的模型,生成客流密度分布图,找到客流组织的瓶颈;采取移动闸机位置、均衡各楼梯处客流、人员定点引导等措施,优化站内设备设施布局及客流路线;对优化后方案进行验证和技术评价,结果表明三号线站台及共用站厅拥堵现象明显减少,且可在2~3 min内完成分流消散,显著提高了服务水平,该仿真优化方法为科学高效的客运组织提供了参考。

Due to the limited space in subway stations,as the urban population increases,the passenger flow is also increasing.To achieve the safe displacement of passengers in this limited space,a scientific and complete passenger flow organization plan must be established.Considering the pedestrian avoidance mechanism,this paper improves the social force model in AnyLogic.Taking the Xiaozhai Station at the intersection of Xi’an Metro Line 2 and Line 3 as an example,The actual passenger flow data was input into the improved model to generate a spatial density distribution chart of the station passenger flow and found the bottleneck of passenger flow organization.Then the layout of the station equipment and the flow of passengers were optimized by moving the location of the gates,equalizing the flow of passengers at each staircase and guiding personnel at fixed points.Finally,the optimized solution was verified and evaluated.The results showed that the congestion on the platform and station hall of Line 3 was reduced and the passengers could be dissipated within 2-3 minutes,the service level had been significantly improved.This simulation optimization method provides a reference for scientific and efficient passenger transportation organization.