猴痘病毒检测方法的研究进展

Research progress on detection methods of monkeypox virus

猴痘病毒(monkeypox virus,MPXV)是一种能引起人畜共患病的正痘病毒(orthopoxvirus,OPXV),与天花病毒(variola virus,VARV)同属,其宿主范围较广,人与动物的感染率都比较高。目前,MPXV在非流行国家和地区迅速蔓延,已成为对公共卫生影响最大的OPXV,且已证实出现人际传播。对MPXV快速、准确诊断与筛查是许多人畜共患病防控工作中的最重要工作。为我国制定防控措施,开发更高效、更准确的检测方法和技术提供参考,现就实验室MPXV诊断检测方法的技术原理、特点、应用场景,以及各诊断检测方法的优缺点作一概述。

Monkeypox virus(MPXV),which is closely related to variola virus,is a zoonotic orthopoxvirus(OPXV).MPXV has a broad host range and is capable of infecting many species including humans.Currently,MPXV is rapidly spreading in non-endemic countries and regions,and has become a huge threat to public health.Available information suggests that human-to-human transmission is occurring among people in close physical contact with cases who are symptomatic.To well prevent and control of emerging MPXV outbreaks,rapid and accurate screening tests are most important.Here we summarize the technical principles,features,applications and advantages of various laboratory testing methods for MPXV,to give some references to formulate China’s prevention and control measures,and develop more efficient and accurate testing methods and techniques.