碲对Y1Cr13易切削不锈钢中硫化物改质的工业研究

Industrial study on modification of sulfide in Y1Cr13free-cutting stainless steel by tellurium

借助金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜,Image-Pro Plus图像分析软件等手段分析了碲改质Y1Cr13不锈钢中硫化物的效果并进行了对比。结果表明,当钢中加入0.011%的碲时MnS夹杂周围析出了MnTe夹杂,促使了硫化物夹杂粗化,大多数硫化物的形貌呈椭球状、纺锤状且分布弥散,同时碲增强了硫化物夹杂的抗变形能力。钢中加碲后,硫化物纺锤率由未改质前的55.4%提高到了86.5%,硫化物评级由未改质前的3-1级下降到了2-2级,硫化物形态及评级得到了显著提升。切削试验表明,钢中未加碲时,在切削速率分别为180、360、560 r/min时,切削后所得C型屑百分比分别为53%、59%、64%,且工件切削表面粗糙度Ra分别为3.407、2.112、4.186μm,然而当钢中添加碲后,切削后所得C型屑百分比分别为86%、90%、93%,且工件切削表面粗糙度Ra分别为2.302、1.978、3.220μm。因此,钢中添加碲后,显著提升了钢的切削性能。

The effect of sulfide modification by Te was analyzed and compared by means of metallographic microscopy, scanning electron microscope and Image-Pro Plus image analysis software. The results show that MnTe inclusions precipitated around the MnS inclusions when 0.011% Te added to the steel, resulting in the coarsening of sulfide inclusions. The morphology of most sulfides is ellipsoidal and spindle with dispersive distribution. Te enhanced the deformation resistance ability of sulfide inclusions. After adding Te to steel, the spindle percentage of sulfide inclusions increased from 55.4% to86.5% compared to non-addition of Te. The sulfide rating decreased from 3-1 to 2-2. Thus, the sulfide morphology and rating are significantly improved. The machining test shows that when the cutting speed was 180, 360 and 560 r/min, the percentage of C-chip obtained after cutting was 53%, 59% and64%, respectively, and the surface roughness(Ra) value of workpiece was 3.407, 2.112 and 4.186 μm,respectively. However, when the Te powder was added to the steel, the percentage of C-chip obtained after cutting was 86%, 90% and 93%, and the surface roughness(Ra) of workpiece after cutting was2.302, 1.978 and 3.220 μm, respectively. Therefore, the cutting property of steel was improved with Te addition.