基于儿童用药多维需求的中药给药装置研究进展与再创新

Research progress and innovation of drug delivery devices based on children′s multidimensional demand for medication

我国儿科用药呈现出儿童专属药物缺乏、种类、规格、剂型和给药装置较少的特点,近年来吸入制剂、直肠给药和经皮给药系统等依从性更好的新剂型在儿科用药中受到越来越多的关注。由于儿童用药群体具有脏腑娇嫩、吞咽能力差异等生理特点和恐惧疼痛、厌恶苦味等心理特点,所以根据儿童的生理特点选择适合的给药途径及给药装置显得尤为重要。传统中药与创新中药借助特殊给药装置可以实现相应药物按照预期设计的途径进行给药,并且可以确保剂量精准与提升顺应性,达到有效、安全给药的目的,并实现传统中药再创新。该文对常见给药途径和新型给药途径所用的给药装置研究进展进行归纳总结,同时结合儿童的特殊需求提出儿童用给药装置的创新设计思路,指出目前发展中存在的给药装置相容性等问题,对智能化信息技术和增材制造技术在给药装置创新中的应用提出展望,为研发适宜儿童多维度用药需要的创新药物与给药装置提供参考。

Pediatric medication in China is characterized by a lack of child-specific drugs and insufficient types, specifications, dosage forms, and delivery devices. In recent years, new dosage forms with good compliance, such as inhalation preparation, rectal delivery system, and transdermal delivery system, have attracted more attention in pediatric medication. Because of the physiological characteristics of delicate viscera, difference in swallowing ability and psychological characteristics of fear of pain and aversion to bitter taste, it is particularly important to select suitable drug delivery route and drug delivery device according to children′s physiological characteristics. With the help of the special drug delivery devices, traditional Chinese medicine and innovative Chinese medicine can be administered according to the expected design path, and drug delivery devices can ensure the accurate dose and improve the complia-nce to achieve the purpose of effective and safe drug delivery. It is also a way to realize the re-innovation of traditional Chinese medicine. The present study summarized the research progress in drug delivery devices for common drug delivery routes and new drug deli-very routes, put forward the innovative design idea of children′s drug delivery devices according to the special needs of children, poin-ted out the compatibility of drug delivery devices and other problems in the current development, and prospected the application of intelligent information technology and additive manufacturing technology in drug delivery device innovation. This is expected to provide references for the development of innovative drugs and drug delivery devices suitable for children′s multidimensional demand for medication.