菊苣替代日粮对绿头野鸭生长性能、屠宰性能、免疫指标及养殖效益的影响

Effects of Chicory Substitution of Basal Diet on Growth Performance, Slaughter Performance, Immune Indices and Breeding Benefit of Green-Headed Wild Ducks

试验旨在探讨不同菊苣替代日粮比例对绿头野鸭的生长性能、屠宰性能、免疫指标和养殖效益的影响,为菊苣在家禽养殖中的应用提供理论依据。选择1日龄健康绿头野鸭480只,随机分为6个处理组,每处理组4个重复,每个重复20只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,其他处理组分别按3%、5%、8%、10%、15%的菊苣添加量替代基础日粮,试验期70 d。试验结果表明:5%添加组平均日增重效果最好,达16.17 g/d,与对照组差异显著(P<0.05);料重比与对照组差异不显著,但显著低于8%、10%、15%添加组(P<0.05)。5个菊苣添加组全净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌率与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05),随着菊苣添加量增加,腹脂率和皮脂率不同程度下降(P<0.05),腹脂率降幅为5.33%~30.67%,皮脂率降幅为1.15%~8.37%。10%、15%添加组免疫能力表现最优,各项免疫指标均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。5%添加组利润最高,比对照组增加0.61元/只。菊苣适当比例替代基础日粮可以提高绿头野鸭生长性能,显著降低腹脂率和皮脂率,增强机体免疫能力,降低养殖成本,提升经济效益,根据函数隶属法综合评定,5%的菊苣添加量替代基础日粮综合表现最优。

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of chicory substitution ratio of basal diet on growth performance,slaughter performance,immune indices and breeding benefit of green-headed wild ducks,so as to provide theoretical basis for the application of chicory in poultry breeding.A total of 480 one-day-old green-headed wild ducks were randomly allocated into six dietary treatments,each treatment had four replicates and each replicate had 20 ducks.The control group was fed with basal diet,and the basal diets for the other groups were replaced with 3%,5%,8%,10% and 15% chicory for 70 days,respectively.The results showed that:the average daily gain of 5% group was the best with 16.17 g/d,which was significantly different from that of the control group (P<0.05).The feed/gain ratio was not significantly different from that of the control group,but was significantly lower than that of 8%,10% and 15% groups(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in eviscerated rate,breast muscle rate and leg muscle rate between the five chicory addition groups and the control group (P>0.05).With the increase of chicory addition,the abdominal fat rate and skin fat rate decreased in different degrees.The abdominal fate rate decreased by 5.33%-30.67% and the skin fat rate decreased by 1.15%-8.37%.The immunity of 10% and 15% groups was the best,and the immune indices were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The profit of 5% group was the highest,which was 0.61 yuan/duck higher than that of the control group.Appropriate addition ratio of chicory substitution of basal diet could improve the production performance of green-headed wild ducks,significantly reduce abdominal fat rate and skin fat rate,enhance immunity,reduce breeding costs and improve economic benefits.According to the comprehensive evaluation of membership function method,5%chicory substitution ratio of basal diet had the best comprehensive performance.