虾青素对豹纹鳃棘鲈体色、肌肉组织结构和肠道微生物的影响

Effects of Astaxanthin on Body Color, Muscle Structure and Intestinal Flora of Leopard Coral Grouper, Plectropomus leopardus

研究在黑水虻幼虫粉和鱼粉最优配伍饲料配方基础上,添加0(D0组)、0.025%(D0.025%组)、0.05%(D 0.05%组)、0.10%(D 0.10%组)、0.15%(D 0.15%组)、0.20%(D 0.20%组)的虾青素(雨生红球藻源,10%)探究其对豹纹鳃棘鲈(Plectropomus leopardus)幼鱼[(50.08±0.71)g]体色、肌肉组织结构和肠道微生物的影响。养殖周期为42 d,每组3重复,每重复30尾鱼,共540尾随机分配。结果表明:(1)虾青素能使豹纹鳃棘鲈的背部和腹部体色L~*值变小(腹部D 0.10%组除外),但背部D 0.15%组L~*值与对照组相比差异不显著(P>0.05),而腹部D 0.10%组L~*值显著高于对照组(P<0.05);虾青素能使豹纹鳃棘鲈的背部和腹部体色a~*值和b~*值变大,其中D 0.10%组和D 0.15%组相较对照组差异显著(P<0.05)。(2)不同水平的虾青素对肌肉组织结构无显著性影响。(3)随着饲料中虾青素的增加,肠道菌群中的不同菌门物种丰度和多样性发生改变。各组中幼鱼肠道优势菌落均为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria),在饲料中添加虾青素有助于厚壁菌门菌落、拟杆菌门菌落、放线菌门菌落在肠道中定植。综上所述,黑水虻幼虫粉和鱼粉最优配伍饲料配方中,添加0.10%~0.15%(即100~150 mg/kg)雨生红球藻源虾青素促使豹纹鳃棘鲈背部和腹部变红和变黄,且对肌肉组织无影响,有利于提高肠道厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门等有益菌属的多样性和丰度。

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of astaxanthin (Haematococcus pluvialis source,10%)(contents as 0%,0.025%,0.05%,0.10%,0.15%and 0.20%,marked as D 0,D 0.025,D 0.05,D 0.10,D 0.15 and D 0.20) on body color,muscle structure and intestinal microbiota of Leopard coral grouper[Plectropomus leopardus,initial weight (50.08±0.71) g],based on the diet with optimal percent of black sodier fly larva (Hermetia illucens L.) meal and fish meal.The feeding period was 42 days with three replicates in each group and 30 fish in each replicate.A total of 540 fish were randomly allocated.The results showed as the following:(1) Astaxanthin reduced the body color L*value in the back and abdomen of Leopard coral grouper (except the abdominal of D 0.10%group),but there was no significant difference in the L*value between the back D 0.15%group and the control group,while the abdominal L*value in D 0.10% group was significantly higher than that of the control group.Astaxanthin could increase the a*value and b*value of body color on the back and abdomen of this fish,and D 0.10% and D 0.15%groups had significant difference compared with control group (P<0.05).(2) Different levels of astaxanthin had no significant effect on muscle structure.(3) With the increase of astaxanthin in diets,the abundance and diversity of different microflora in intestinal flora changed.The dominant colonies of fish in each experimental group were Proteobacteria,Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria,among which the addition of astaxanthin in diet could contributed to the colonization of Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria in intestine.The results showed that the supplementation of 0.10% and 0.15% astaxanthin could make color of the back and abdomen turn red and yellow,and had no effect on muscle tissue,and was beneficial to the improvement of intestinal beneficial bacteria such as Firmicutes,Bacteroides and Actinomycetes.