家庭医生签约团队成员与残疾人在签约服务中的沟通现状分析

Communication obstacles between contracted family doctor team and the disabled

目的了解家庭医生签约团队成员为残疾人签约服务过程中的沟通现状。方法采用便利取样方法,于2022年4—6月对北京市16个行政区内80个社区卫生服务中心的家庭医生团队成员(简称团队成员)进行问卷调查,内容包括团队成员的基本信息、沟通方式与沟通对象的选择、沟通知识与技巧的获取来源等。结果共有365名团队成员参与了调查。签约服务中,最常遇到的残疾类别是肢体残疾(285名,78.08%);均表示会与不同类型的残疾人出现沟通障碍,其中以听力、言语残疾最多(256名,70.14%);仅有13.42%(49/365)选择与残疾人本人沟通;有84.93%(310/365)与残疾人沟通时会采取“加大音量、放慢语速”,38.63%(141/365)选择“写字,同时传达多个信息”等沟通方式;84.38%(308/365)表示需要与残疾人沟通的专业培训。结论北京市社区卫生服务中心的家庭医生团队成员在与残疾人签约服务过程中存在沟通障碍,沟通能力有待提高,可开展残疾人沟通方面的专业培训以改变现状。

Objective To investigate the status quo of communication between contracted family doctor team and the disabled.Methods Using convenience sampling,family doctor team members of 80 community health centers(CHCs)in Beijing were selected to participate in a questionnaire survey from April to June 2022.The questionnaire included the basic information of team members,the choice of communication methods and targets,the acquisition of communication knowledge and skills and so on.Results A total of 365 team members participated in the survey.The most common type of disability was physical disability(78.08%,285/365).All participants met communication obstacles with disabled people in contracted health service,and hearing and speech disabilities were the most common(70.14%,256/365).Only 13.42%(49/365)chose to directly communicate with the disabled themselves;84.93%(310/365)used"increase the volume and slow down"method when communicating with the disabled,and 38.63%(141/365)chose"write and convey multiple messages at the same time".Most of participants(84.38%,308/365)indicated the need for professional training in communication with persons with disabilities.Conclusion There are communication obstacles between family doctor team members and the disabled during contracted services.More relevant professional training are urgently needed for contracted family doctor team to improve the abilities to communicate with the disabled.