家庭生命周期视角下珠三角农民工的居住选择及影响因素

Residential choice and influencing factors of migrant workers in the Pearl River Delta from the perspective of family life cycle

以2017年珠三角6大核心城市1270份农民工抽样调查问卷为基础数据,采用交叉列联分析和无序多分类Logistic回归方法,探讨处于家庭生命周期不同阶段的4类农民工家庭(Ⅰ未育夫妻家庭、Ⅱ夫妻和未婚子女家庭、Ⅲ未婚者与父母家庭、Ⅳ空巢家庭)的基本特征、居住选择及影响因素。研究发现:①4类农民工家庭的平均年龄、迁入地居住时长、受教育水平、月均收入和人均居住面积出现了有规律的分化。②4类农民工家庭的居住选择以城中村为主;Ⅰ~Ⅳ类农民工家庭分别在工厂宿舍区、城中村、商品房社区、保障房社区中选择的概率最高。③农民工居住选择的主要影响因素有家庭类型、个体因素、农村因素、迁移因素和区位因素,部分农民工的居住选择在一定程度上出现了工厂宿舍区-城中村-商品房社区的空间转移,体现了古典同化主义思想。本文基于研究结论,提出以社区为主体的政策建议。

Migrant workers moving to urbanized areas constitute a floating labor pool that provides flexible and cheap labor for urbanization processes.The Thirteenth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China proposed the"acceleration of citizenization of rural migrant workers".Promoting the citizenization of migrant workers has always been a focus of the government and academia as well as a fundamental part of China's new urbanization strategy.Based on the questionnaire data of 1270 migrant workers of the Pearl River Delta in 2017,this paper adopts the multinomial Logistic regression analysis to explore the residential choice and influencing factors among four types of migrant workers'families,which are childless family(I),parents and minor children combined family(Ⅱ),unmarried children and their parents combined family(Ⅲ),and empty-nest family(Ⅳ),from the perspective of the family life cycle.The results show that:1)The average age,the length of residence,the level of education,the average monthly income,and the per capita living area of the four types of families show regular differentiation.2)The residential choice of 4 types of families is mainly in urban villages;Types I and IV prefer to select factory dormitories and affordable housing communities,respectively,while types II and III prefer to select commodity housing communities.3)The main influencing factors of the residential choice of migrant workers in the Pearl River Delta are family type,individual factor,rural factor,migration factor,and location factor.Based on the results of this study,we put forward community-based policy suggestions for citizenization strategy.