阿瓦提县泌尿系结石病的发病原因调查和研究

Investigation and study of the cause of urinary stone disease in Awati County

目的研究分析新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏地区阿瓦提县泌尿系结石病的发病原因,调查分析尿路结石的主要成分与分布特征。方法选取阿瓦提县人民医院收治的145例患者作为本次研究对象,分析患者尿路结石的成分并对于其构成情况进行分析,结合当地实际情况进行发病原因分析。结果145例患者中男性122例,女性23例,男女比例为5.3∶1;结石位置分布:肾脏87例(60.00%)、输尿管38例(26.21%)、膀胱18例(12.41%)、尿道2例(1.38%)。肾脏位置结石患者数量明显多于输尿管、膀胱、尿道位置,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)分别=33.76、71.08、117.13,P均<0.05)。结石成分:一水草酸钙102例(70.35%)、二水草酸钙12例(8.28%)、无水草酸钙2例(1.37%)、碳酸磷灰石26例(17.93%)、尿酸铵结石3例(2.07%)。草酸钙结石患者例数明显多于碳酸磷灰石结石与尿酸铵结石患者,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)分别=111.77、181.98,P均<0.05)。年龄分布:<20岁患者1例(0.69%),20~39岁患者94例(64.83%),40~60岁患者32例(22.07%),>60岁患者18例(12.41%),泌尿系统结石患者多集中于20~39岁这个年龄段,相较于其他年龄段(<20岁、40~60岁以及>60岁),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)分别=127.85、49.35、84.02,P均<0.05)。结论新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏地区阿瓦提县泌尿系结石病发生情况中,患者的结石位置多见于肾脏,结石成分大多数为草酸钙结石,多集中于20~39岁这个年龄段。结石发生率较高与当地日常饮食习惯有着较高的关联性。

Objective To study and analyze the causes of urinary stone disease in Avati County,Aksu Region,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,and investigate the main components and distribution characteristics of urinary stones.Methods Totally 145 patients admitted to Awati County People’s Hospital were investigated to analyze the components of urinary calculi and the causes of local conditions.Results Among 145 cases,there are 122 males and 23 women,male-female ratio was 5.3∶1.The distribution of stones:87 cases(60.00%)in kidney,38 cases(26.21%)in ureter,18cases(12.41%)in bladder,2 cases(1.38%)in urethra.The number of patients with renal stones was significantly more than that of the ureter,bladder and urethra,which was significant(χ^(2)=33.76,71.08,117.13,P<0.05).Stone composition:102 cases of calcium oxalate(70.35%),12 cases of calcium oxalate(8.28%),2 cases of calcium oxalate(1.37%),26cases of carbonate apatite(17.93%),and 3 cases of ammonium calculi(2.07%).The number of the patients with calcium oxalate stones was significantly more than that of carbonate apatite stones and ammonium urate stones,with a statistically significant difference(χ^(2)=111.77,181.98,P<0.05).Age distribution:1 patient(0.69%)aged<20 years,94 patients(64.83%)aged 20-39 years,32 patients(22.07%)aged 40-60 years,and 18 patients(12.41%)aged 60 years.Among them,most patients with urinary calculi were concentrated in 20-39 years old,which was more than the other ages(<20 years,40-60 years and 60 years old)(χ^(2)=127.85,49.35,84.02,P<0.05).Conclusion In the occurrence of urinary stone disease in Avati County,Aksu Region,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,the stones of patients are mostly found in the kidney,and most of them are calcium oxalate stones,mostly in the age group of 20 to 39 years old.The higher incidence of stones has a high correlation with the local daily dietary habits.