基于SWOT-AHP法提高全科医生职业吸引力策略研究

Research on the strategy of improving the occupational attraction of general practitioners based on SWOT-AHP method

目的建立SWOT模型及层次分析模型,对我国全科医学和全科医生的发展情况进行定性与定量的分析与评价,探讨我国全科医生职业吸引力发展的有效策略。方法采用SWOT-AHP分析法,通过文献研究和访谈法确定SWOT影响因素,建立SWOT模型并转化为层次分析模型。采用专家咨询法收集到19位专家的评分数据。对各因素进行两两比较,构建、求解判别矩阵并进行一致性检验。计算因素强度,构建SWOT战略四边形,得出重心坐标、战略类型方位角和战略强度系数等指标。结果重心G的坐标为(0.134,0.003),战略方位角θ=1.193°,属于开拓型战略区的实力型。战略强度系数ρ=0.518>0.5,可以采取积极开拓的态度。结论对于提高我国全科医生的职业吸引力,需要积极采取SO策略,即依靠内部属性优势,利用外部环境机遇,并对内部属性劣势和外部环境挑战采取必要的应对策略,以期提高我国全科医师的职业吸引力,实现我国全科医学事业的可持续发展。

Objective SWOT model and analytic hierarchy process model were established to analyze and evaluate the development of general practitioners and general medicine in China qualitatively and quantitatively,and to explore effective strategies for the development of general practitioners’occupational attractiveness in China.Methods SWOT-AHP analysis method is adopted.SWOT influencing factors were determined by literature research and interview,and then SWOT model was established and transformed into analytic hierarchy process model.Expert consultation method was used to collect the rating data given by 19 experts.After comparing each factor in pairs,the discriminant matrix is constructed,solved and its consistency is tested.Calculate the strength of factors,build SWOT strategic quadrilateral,get the center of gravity coordinates,strategic type azimuth and strategic strength coefficient and other indicators.Results The coordinates of the center of gravity G are(0.134,0.003),and the strategic azimuthθ=1.193°,which belongs to the practical type of the pioneering strategic area.Strategic intensity coefficientρ=0.518>0.5,which means that we can adopt a positive pioneering attitude.Conclusion To improve the occupational attractiveness of general practitioners in China,it is necessary to actively adopt SO strategy,that is,relying on the advantages of internal attributes and taking advantage of external environmental opportunities,and taking necessary countermeasures to the internal attribute disadvantages and external environment challenges,so as to improve the occupational attractiveness of general practitioners in China and realize the sustainable development of general medicine in China.