不同视网膜血管性疾病黄斑区结构及微循环变化的对比

Comparison of macular structure and microcirculation in different retinal vascular diseases

黄斑区为视网膜后极部上下血管弓之间的区域,其结构及微循环变化具有重要临床意义,视网膜静脉阻塞、糖尿病视网膜病变、高血压视网膜病变及视网膜动脉阻塞与黄斑区密切相关,上述各疾病病理机制不同,导致黄斑区结构及微循环变化有所不同。相干光层析血管成像术(OCTA)可定性或定量评估黄斑中央视网膜厚度(CMT)、无血管区面积(FAZ)、非圆度指数(AI)及血管密度(VD)、长度和直径。应用OCTA,对比不同视网膜血管性疾病黄斑区结构及微循环变化,不仅可以评估各疾病的病情程度及预后,而且有助于探究不同疾病在黄斑区同一性及差异性的表现。

Macular area is the area between the posterior superior and inferior vascular arch of the retina.Its structure and microcirculation have important clinical significance.Retinal vein occlusion,diabetic retinopathy,hypertensive retinopathy and retinal artery occlusion are closely related to macular area.The different pathological mechanisms of the above diseases may lead to different changes of macular structure and microcirculation.Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)can qualitatively or quantitatively evaluate the central macular thickness,foveal avascular zone area,acircularity index,vascular density,length,and diameter.Comparing the changes in macular structure and microcirculation in different retinal vascular diseases by using OCTA can not only evaluate the degree and prognosis of each disease,but also help to explore the identity and difference of different diseases in the macular region.