宽体飞机前主轮协同转弯主轮控制策略设计

Design of main wheel control strategy for wide body aircraft

飞机在进行地面转弯过程中,机场道面不平、侧风等环境因素可能导致主起落架转向轮的实际转角与理论转角不符,引起前轮转角和两侧主轮转角关系不匹配,增大轮胎侧向力,主起落架受到的扭矩增加。针对上述问题,提出两侧主轮独立控制的飞机地面转弯控制策略和基于内侧主起落架转向轮为主导对象,外侧主起落架转向轮为从动对象的主从控制策略以及实时转弯角度控制算法。建立基于弹性轮胎的飞机地面转弯模型,计算飞机地面转弯时的主起落架总扭矩。通过MATLAB设置不同主轮转角偏差,对两侧主轮的独立控制策略和主从控制策略下的主起落架总扭矩进行对比,发现前者能更有效降低飞机主起落架扭矩,增加飞机地面转弯安全性以及减小起落架设计难度。

When the aircraft is turning on the ground, environmental factors such as uneven airport pavement and sidewind may cause the actual angle of the steering wheel of the main landing gear to be inconsistent with the theoretical angle, resulting in the mismatch between the front wheel angle and the main wheel angle on both sides, increasing the tire lateral force and increasing the torque on the main landing gear. To solve the above problems, the ground turning control strategy with independent control of main wheels on both sides, the master-slave control strategy with steering wheel of inner main landing gear as the dominant object and steering wheel of outer main landing gear as the slave object, and the real-time cornering angle control algorithm were put forward. The total landing gear torque of an aircraft during ground cornering was calculated by establishing a ground cornering model based on elastic tires. Through setting different angle deviations of main wheels by MATLAB, the independent control strategy of main wheels on both sides and the total torque of main landing gear under master-slave control strategy were compared. It is found that the former can effectively reduce the torque of main landing gear, increase the safety of aircraft ground cornering and reduce the difficulty of landing gear design.