珍稀植物银杉濒危因素及种群扩大研究进展

Research Progress on Endangered Factors and Population Expansion of Rare Plant Cathaya argyrophylla

银杉(Cathaya argyrophylla)作为国家一级保护珍稀濒危物种,已被列入极小种群保护物种名录。关于银杉的生物学特性、种群特征和人工育苗方面的研究得到学术界的广泛关注。该文就银杉种群衰退的因素、如何保护和扩大银杉种群进行总结。银杉种群衰退的主要影响因素有生境破坏、种子成活率低、根际微生物少、遗传多态低、竞争力弱和种群萎缩等。银杉种群保护与扩大的对策和建议为加强就地保护,包括开辟林窗、开展林下补植;开展多样化苗木繁育,包括播种、扦插、嫁接和组织培养等;加强银杉保护的宣传力度。

Cathaya argyrophylla,as a rare and endangered species protected at the national level with first class,has been listed on list of protected species of minimal populations.Factors of C.argyrophylla population decline,and how to conserve and expand C.argyrophylla populations were summarized.Main factors affecting decline of C.argyrophylla populations included habitat destruction,low seed germination rate,few inter-root microorganisms,low genetic polymorphism,weak competitiveness and population shrinkage.Countermeasures and suggestions for conservation and expansion of C.argyrophylla populations were to strengthen in situ conser⁃vation,including opening forest windows and carrying out understory replanting;to carry out diversified seedling breeding,including seeding,cutting,grafting and tissue culture;and to strengthen the publicity of C.argyrophylla conservation.