具有吸声效果的室内装饰纺织品的设计开发

Design and development of interior decorative textiles with sound-absorbing effects

为减少噪声对室内生活环境的污染,以纺织材料的吸声性能为设计理论基础,首先分析了纺织材料吸声性能的原理和影响因素,其次简述了室内装饰纺织品及其吸声性能设计;从织物组织结构、织物图案及配色和织造工艺3个方面,设计织造了2种室内装饰面料:以蜂巢组织为基础的接结双层棉型窗帘面料和以鸟眼组织为基础的单层麻型软装壁布,并使用半自动小提花小样织机进行了实物织造,使用阻抗管法测试织物吸声性能。结果表明:织物在3500~5000 Hz频率范围内能产生一定的吸声效果,其中,窗帘面料的吸声系数在3500~3750 Hz频率范围内均大于0.2,吸声性能优于普通单层平纹和蜂巢组织织物。

In order to reduce the noise pollution of the indoor living environment,based on the sound absorption performance of textile materials,firstly,the principle and influencing factors of the sound-absorbing performance of textile materials were analyzed;secondly,the interior decorative textiles and their sound-absorbing performance design were briefly described;from the three aspects of fabric structure,fabric pattern,color matching and weaving process,two kinds of interior decoration fabrics were designed and woven.The double-layer cotton curtain fabric based on honeycomb tissue and the single-layer linen soft wall fabric based on bird′s eye tissue were woven by using semi-automatic small jacquard sample loom.The sound absorption performance of the fabric was tested by the impedance tube method.The results show that the fabric can produce a certain sound absorption effect in the frequency range of 3500-5000 Hz.The sound absorption coefficient of the curtain fabric is greater than 0.2 in the frequency range of 3500-3750 Hz,which has better sound absorption performance than ordinary single-layer plain weave and honeycomb weave fabrics.