水电站过流部件和泄水建筑物磨蚀研究综述

Summary of Abrasion Research on Overflow Components and Discharge Structures of Hydropower Station

在含沙量高的河流上,水电站过流部件和泄水建筑物易出现泥沙磨损与空化空蚀问题,磨蚀破坏严重影响着电站安全与发电效益。总结了水电站中过流部件和泄水建筑物物易发生磨蚀的部位、特点和磨蚀研究方法。特别是近年来数值模拟方法对模拟流场特性和改善水力设计独具优势,多相流和离散相模型在磨蚀研究中的应用已经非常成熟,同时,针对现有的磨蚀防护措施进行总结。

On rivers with high sediment content, sediment abrasion and cavitation erosion are easy to occur on the flow components and discharge structures of hydropower stations. Abrasion damage seriously affects the safety and power generation benefits of the power plant. This paper summarizes the abrasion-prone parts, characteristics and abrasion research methods of overcurrent components and discharge structures in hydropower station. In recent years, numerical simulation methods have unique advantages in simulating flow field characteristics and improving hydraulic design. The application of multiphase flow and discrete phase model in abrasion research has been very mature. At the same time, the existing abrasion protection measures are summarized.