关于质点系虚位移原理的若干认识

SOME PERSPECTIVES TO THE PRINCIPLE OF VIRTUAL DISPLACEMENT FOR PARTICLE SYSTEMS

虚位移原理是重要的力学基本原理之一,从理论力学(包括分析力学)到结构力学、弹性力学等课程都有应用。但从文献来看,关于虚位移原理的表述和理解目前似还存在一些值得探讨的地方,与其对应的有关概念也还有待深化理解。笔者分析了一些相关文献中的内容,针对虚位移原理表述、虚位移概念、内力虚功概念、虚位移原理充分性证明中的条件、虚位移原理与虚功原理的关系等问题,给出笔者的若干认识,希望有助于深化对虚位移原理若干基本概念的理解。

The principle of virtual displacement is one of the important fundamental principles in mechanics and is widely used in the courses from theoretical mechanics(including analytical mechanics)to structural mechanics and elasticity,etc.However,from the literature,it seems that there are still some rooms of study on the statement of it and the understanding of it;the understanding of relevant concepts may need to be deepen further.The contexts in some relevant references are analyzed and some perspectives are given in this paper to the problems related to the principle of virtual displacement such as,the statement of the principle of virtual displacement,the concept of virtual displacement,the concept of virtual work done by internal force,the conditions in the proof of the sufficiency of principle of virtual displacement,the relationships between the principles of virtual work and virtual displacement,etc.Hopefully,the perspectives can help to deepen the understanding of some basic concepts in the principle of virtual displacement.