分光计实验中竖向偏角对测量结果的影响

INFLUENCE OF VERTICAL DEFLECTION ANGLE ON MEASUREMENT RESULTS IN SPECTROMETER EXPERIMENT

分光计通常使用阿贝式目镜的望远镜,用自准直法调节光路。实验中对光路的调节要求较高,因此对仪器的精度和可靠性要求亦高,载物台的凹凸不平、望远镜的松动等仪器自身因素都会影响光路的调节,进而影响实验结果。本文旨在研究初始竖向偏角与最小偏向角的关系,以及竖向偏角对实验观测的影响。通过原理分析、Matlab和布尔数值模拟,给出了实验误差偏大的可能原因和相应的解释;同时,通过分析实验数据判断仪器本身是否存在缺陷,并给出减小实验系统误差的建议,以达到深化教学内容、启发学生专研精神的目的。

Spectrometer usually uses a telescope of the Abbe type to adjust the optical path by self-collimation. In the experiment, there are high requirements for the adjustment of the optical path, so the accuracy and reliability of the instrument requires perseverance. The irregularity of the stage, the looseness of the telescope and other factors of the instrument will affect the adjustment of the optical path, and then affect the experimental results. This paper aims to study the relationship between the initial vertical deflection angle and the minimum deflection angle, and the influence of the vertical deflection angle on the experimental observation. Through principle analysis, Matlab and Boolean numerical simulation, the possible reasons for the large experimental error and the corresponding explanations are given. At the same time, the experimental data are analyzed to determine whether there are defects in the instrument itself, and suggestions are given to reduce the error of the experimental system, so as to deepen the teaching content and inspire students’ professionalism.