儿童鼻骨骨折的临床特征分析

Clinical characteristics of nasal bone fracture in children

目的总结儿童鼻骨骨折的流行病学及临床特点,为儿童鼻骨骨折的防治提供临床依据。方法回顾分析我科近5年来收治的鼻外伤患儿的临床资料,按照年龄、生长发育和行为能力分为4组。所有病例在全身麻醉下行鼻骨闭合复位术。采用SPSS 25.0完成统计分析。结果鼻骨骨折的发生以学龄组儿童最多,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=103.5,P<0.01);摔伤是儿童鼻骨骨折最常见的致伤原因;儿童鼻骨骨折中单侧骨折所占比例(79.91%)远高于双侧骨折(13.08%)及外伤性鼻中隔偏曲(7.01%);随访鼻骨闭合复位术后的外观满意度,术后鼻腔填塞与未填塞的满意度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论家长要加强小年龄儿童特别是学龄期儿童日常活动中的看护,以提高鼻骨骨折的预防水平。在闭合复位术后对于鼻腔无活动性出血的患儿可不做鼻腔填塞,以提高患儿舒适度。

Objective To summarize the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of nasal bone fracture in children in order to provide clinical basis for the prevention and treatment of nasal bone fracture.Methods The clinical data of children with nasal trauma admitted to our department in recent 5 years were analyzed retrospectively.They were divided into four groups according to age,growth,development,and behavioral ability.All cases underwent nasal bone closed reduction under general anesthesia.Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 25.0.Results The incidence of nasal bone fracture was the most in school-age group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=103.5,P<0.01).Fall was the most common cause of nasal fracture in children.The proportion of unilateral fracture(79.91%)was much higher than either bilateral fracture(13.08%)or traumatic nasal septum deviation(7.01%).There was no significant difference between the satisfaction of postoperative nasal packing and unpacking(P>0.05).Conclusions Parents should strengthen care of children,especially of school-age children to prevent the nasal bone fracture.Nasal unpacking was prefer to for patients with no active bleeding in the nasal cavity after closed reduction in order to improve the comfort.