云南省高校实习护生临终关怀态度及影响因素分析

Analysis of Attitude toward Hospice Care and Its Influencing Factors among Nursing Interns in Colleges and Universities in Yunnan Province

目的了解云南省各高校实习护生对临终关怀的态度及其影响因素。方法2020年7-11月,通过分层抽样的方式选取12所医学院校的780名实习护生为调查对象,采用中文版Frommelt临终关怀态度量表(FATCOD-B)进行调查。结果所调查实习护生的临终关怀态度较为积极,FATCOD-B量表得分为(102.98±9.66)分,得分最高和最低的维度分别是“针对家属支持必要性的态度”和“针对照顾临终患者出现恐惧不安心理的态度”;女性、本科及以上学历、愿意照顾临终患者、以往有照护终末期患者及其家属经历的实习护生FATCOD-B量表得分高于男性、大专学历、不愿意照顾临终患者、以往没有照护终末期患者及其家属经历者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论医学院校及培养基地在临终关怀教学过程中应注重唤起护生的同理心,加强护生与临终患者及家属的沟通技巧培养及对于临终关怀内容的真实体验,以提升护生应对死亡的能力和实施临终关怀照护的技能。

Objective To understand the attitude toward hospice care and its influencing factors among nursing interns in colleges and universities in Yunnan Province.Methods From July to November 2020,780nursing interns from 12 medical colleges were selected by stratified sampling.They were investigated with the Chinese version of the Frommelt Attitude Toward Care of the Dying Scale Form B(FATCOD-B).Results The investigated nursing interns had a positive attitude toward hospice care and scored(102.98±9.66)points for FATCOD-B.The dimensions with the highest and lowest scores were"attitude towards the necessity of family support"and"attitude towards fear of caring for end-of-life patients",respectively.Among the investigated nursing interns,females,those with bachelor’s or above degrees,those willing to care for end-of-life patients,and those with previous experience of caring for end-of-life patients and their families had higher FATCOD-B scores than males,those with college degrees,those reluctant to care for end-of-life patients,and those without previous experience of caring for end-of-life patients and their families,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion Medical colleges and training bases should arouse the empathy of nursing interns in the process of hospice care teaching,strengthen the cultivation of communication skills between nursing interns and end-of-life patients and their families and the real experience of hospice care,in order to improve the ability of nursing interns to cope with death and implement hospice care skills.