不同土壤调理方法对烟草根茎病病害和番茄斑萎病的防控效果研究

Study on Control Effect of Different Soil Conditioners on Tobacco Root and Stem Diseases and Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus

四川省凉山州会东县是我国优质烤烟的主要产区,但近年来烟草根茎病害和番茄斑萎病的发生对烟叶的高质量生产造成了诸多不利影响,因此探索会东县烟区主要烟草根茎病害和番茄斑萎病的绿色防控技术对实现烟株健康栽培和烟叶保障高质量具有重要意义.本研究通过田间小区试验探究了土壤高温消毒、林下营养土改良土壤、生物防治和化学防治对会东县烟草黑胫病、根黑腐病、青枯病和番茄斑萎病的防控效果以及对烟株生长的影响.研究结果表明,土壤高温消毒、林下营养土+生物菌剂改良土壤和甲霜锰锌灌根处理对田间烟草根茎病害和番茄斑萎病均有一定防控效果,最高防效可达44.26%,61.93%和53.87%,结合土壤消毒和林下营养土+生物菌剂改良土壤能有效提高病害防控效果,对烟草根茎病害和番茄斑萎病的最高防效可达74.67%和68.33%.本研究探索了适宜会东烟区烟草根茎病和番茄斑萎病的防治方法,为该地区烟株健康栽培、病害绿色防控和烟叶高质量生产提供了参考.

Huidong County of Liangshan Prefecture in Sichuan Province is the main production of high quality flue-cured tobacco in China,but in recent years,the occurrence of tobacco root and stem diseases and spotted wilt virus caused many adverse effects on the production of good quality tobacco leaf.Therefore,it is necessary to explore the key disease control technologies to realize the health cultivation of tobacco plant and ensure high quality flue-cured tobacco.In this study,a field plot experiment was conducted to explore the effects of soil high temperature disinfection,soil improvement with understory nutritive soil,biological control and chemical control on tobacco black shank disease,root black rot,bacterial wilt and tomato spot wilt virus,as well as their effects on tobacco plant growth in Huidong County.The results showed that soil high temperature disinfection,understory nutrient soil with biological agent and fubol wettable powder treatment had certain control effects on tobacco root and stem disease and tomato spot wilt virus in the field,with the highest control effects of 44.26%,61.93%and 53.87%,respectively.Soil disinfection combined with understory nutrient soil and bio-bacterial agent can effectively improve the effect of disease control,and the highest control effect on tobacco root disease and tomato spot wilt disease can reach 74.67%and 68.33%,respectively.This study explored the appropriate control methods for tobacco root and stem disease and tomato spot wilt virus in Huidong area,which provided reference for healthy cultivation,green disease control and high-quality production of tobacco.