古代经典名方温经汤的处方来源与关键信息考证

Textual Research on the Ancient Classical Prescription Wenjing Decoction(温经汤)

根据整理和考证相关医学典籍,从方剂来源、历史沿革、药材的基原和炮制、度量衡的考证、大小温经汤的异同及现在临床应用等方面进行梳理,对比2020年10月15日国家中医药管理局发布的《古代经典名方关键信息表(7首方剂)》温经汤的关键信息,进一步确认温经汤相关技术指标。《妇人良方大全》所载温经汤,所用药味9味,分别考证其基原为:当归(Angelica sinensis(Oliv.)Diels)、川芎(Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.)、白芍(Paeonia lactiflora Pall.)、肉桂(Cinnamomum cassia Presl.)、牡丹皮(Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.)、莪术(C.kwangsiensis S.G.Lee et C.F.Liang)、人参(Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.)、甘草(Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.)、牛膝(Achyranthes bidentata Bl.)。根据度量衡考证可知处方各药味用量:莪术、当归、白芍、肉桂、牡丹皮、川芎各20.65 g,甘草、人参、牛膝各41.30 g;煎煮服用方法为各药味粉碎后(2 mm~6 mm),每服药20 g左右,加水350 mL,煎煮至280 mL,过滤后温服。按一日一服,则一次处方可服用约12 d。各药味日服量为:当归1.72 g,川芎1.72 g,白芍1.72 g,肉桂1.72 g,牡丹皮1.72 g,莪术1.72 g,人参3.44 g,甘草3.44 g,牛膝3.44 g。其中,莪术基原、当归与牛膝的炮制、煎煮水量、日服剂量等方面与《古代经典名方关键信息表》温经汤不尽一致,该考证结果可供温经汤的开发研究提供参考。

According to relevant medical classics,this paper sorted out the sources of Wenjing Decoction(温经汤),the historical evolution,the origins and processing of the medicinal materials,the weights and measures,similarities and differences of Dawenjing Decoction(大温经汤)and Xiaowenjing Decoction(小温经汤),and the current clinical application.Through the comparison with the core information of Wenjing Decoction in Key Information Table of Ancient Classical Famous Formulas(7 Formulas)released by the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine on October 15,2020,relevant technical indicators of Wenjing Decoction were further confirmed.The origins of the 9 medicinals in Wenjing Decoction in A Complete Collection of Effective Prescriptions for Women were confirmed as follows:Angelica sinensis(Oliv.)Diels for Danggui(当归),Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.for Chuanxiong(川芎),Paeonia lactiflora Pall.for Baishao(白芍),Cinnamomum Cassia Presl.for Rougui(肉桂),Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.for Mudanpi(牡丹皮),Curcuma kwangsiensis S.G.Lee et C.F.Liang for Ezhu(莪术),Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.for Renshen(人参),Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.for Gancao(甘草),and Achyranthes bidentata Bl.Niuxi(牛膝).According to the textual research of weights and measures,20.65 g Ezhu,20.65 g Danggui,20.65 g Baishao,20.65 g Rougui,20.65 g Mudanpi,20.65 g Chuanxiong,41.30 g Gancao,41.30 g Renshen,and 41.30 g Niuxi were used in the prescription.The decocting method should be as follows.The medicinals are grounded(2 mm~6 mm),and 20 g powder was used for each prescription.Then the powder is mixed with 350 mL water,followed by boiling to 280 mL.The yielded mixture is filtrated,and the filtrate is taken warm after filtering.One prescription can be taken for about 12 days,once per day.The daily dosage is 1.72 g Ezhu,1.72 g Danggui,1.72 g Baishao,1.72 g Rougui,1.72 g Mudanpi,1.72 g Chuanxiong,3.44 g Gancao,3.44 g Renshen,and 3.44 g Niuxi,respectively.The origin of Ezhu,processing of Danggui and Niuxi,water added for decoction,and daily dosage are different from those recorded in Key Information Table of Ancient Classical Famous Formulas(7 Formulas).The results can serve as a reference for the development and research of Wenjing Decoction.