出院后延伸护理干预在慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者中的应用效果观察

Observation on the Effectiveness of Post-discharge Extended Care Intervention in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

目的:探讨出院后延伸护理干预在慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2019年1月-2021年1月衡阳市中医医院收治的80例慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,各40例。观察组实施出院后延伸护理干预,对照组实施常规随访干预,比较两组自我管理能力评分、肺功能指标水平、生活质量评分、随访期间急性发作住院次数及护理满意度评分。结果:观察组认知管理、复查管理、用药管理、控制诱因管理能力评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,两组第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV_(1))及用力肺活量(FVC)水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组FEV_(1)、FVC水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,两组躯体功能、心理功能、物质功能、社会功能4项生活质量评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组各项生活质量评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组随访期间急性发作住院次数少于对照组,护理满意度评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者实施出院后延伸护理干预,可提高其自我管理能力,改善其肺功能及生活质量,减少急性发作住院次数,提升护理水平。

Objective:To explore the effect of post-discharge extended care intervention in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Methods:Eighty patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admitted to Hengyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2019 to January 2021 were selected as study subjects and were divided into observation group and control group according to the random number table method,40 cases each.The observation group implemented postdischarge extended care intervention and the control group implemented conventional follow-up intervention,comparing the selfmanagement ability scores,lung function index levels,quality of life scores,number of acute exacerbation hospitalizations during follow-up and nursing satisfaction scores between the two groups.Results:Cognitive management,review management,medication management,and control trigger management ability scores were higher in the observation group than in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Before the intervention,there was no statistically significant difference between the levels of the first second force expiratory volume(FEV_(1))and force spirometry(FVC)in the two groups(P>0.05);after the intervention,the levels of FEV_(1)and FVC in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Before the intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in the four quality of life scores of physical function,psychological function,material function and social function between the two groups(P>0.05);after the intervention,all the quality of life scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The number of acute exacerbation hospitalization during the follow-up period was less in the observation group than in the control group,and the nursing satisfaction scores were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Implementing post-discharge extended care intervention for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can improve their self-management ability,improve their lung function and quality of life,reduce the number of acute exacerbation hospitalizations,and improve the level of care.