略谈藏族翻译批评的产生及其意义

The Emergence and Significance of Tibetan Translation Criticism

文章结合吐蕃及佛教后弘期藏族翻译事业发展的历程,探讨了藏族翻译批评出现的文化背景及其社会意义,认为藏族翻译批评事业是随着佛经翻译的兴盛而出现,正式萌芽于赤松德赞时期,到赤德松赞时期,藏族翻译批评事业走上了规范化的道路,并以《语合二卷》的制定,形成了系统的藏族翻译理论。之后经过萨迦班智达贡嘎坚赞、章嘉饶必多杰、更顿群培等许多学者对之前译作进行翻译批评的基础上,提出各自的翻译思想和方法,及时纠正翻译界出现的各种错译,统一新词术语和翻译方法,从而对丰富藏族翻译理论做出突出贡献。

This paper discusses the cultural background and social significance of Tibetan translation criticism in combination with the historical development of Tibetan translation duringTuboPeriod and the Latter Spread of Buddhism.The author holds that the cause of Tibetan translation criticism appeared with the prosperity of the translation of Buddhist sutras,formally started in the period of KhriSrongLdeBtsan,and developed further,entered the path of standardization and regularization,and the theory of Tibetan translation has formed.This tradition continued until the Latter Spread of Tibetan Buddhism.Many scholars,such as Sakya PanditaKungaGyaltsen,Changkya Rolpai Dorje and GengdunChopelput forward their own translation ideas and methods on the basis of their criticism of previous translations,making great contributions to the enrichment and development of Tibetan translation theories.The emergence and development of the translation criticism has greatly promoted the timely correction of various mistranslations,the unification of new terms and translation methods,and the improvement of translation quality.