医文相融视野下藏医《四部医典》中的“Gtam snyan”初探

A Preliminary Exploration of Gtam Snyanin Rgyud Bzhi From the Perspective of the Integration Between Science of Medicine and Literature

文学与医学二者往往交汇融通于治疗人的心理疾病之上。在藏族历史上,文学和医学之间长期相互影响,进而形成了独特的医文相融现象。例如,藏医理论《四部医典》出现后,其中明确记载了具有美学感染力的“gtamsnyan”对疯癫魔症、星曜魔症、隆、赤巴等部分精神疾病和非精神疾病的临床治疗之有效经验。这不仅是医文共同治疗疾病的学理根据,也是探索文学治疗功能的跨学科依据。

Literature and medicine are integrated in the treatment of people’s psychological diseases.In the unified background of Tibetan traditional culture,literature and medicine have long influenced each other,forming a unique phenomenon of integration of medicine and literature in history.In the stage of ancient empirical medicine,the practice of literary therapy mainly relied on magic and sacred language power such as incantations and divination.After the emergence of RgyudBzhit,it clearly recorded the effective experience of“GtamSnyan”with aesthetic appeal in the clinical treatment of some mental and non mental diseases such as madness,obsidian,Rlung and gallbladder.This is not only the theoretical basis for the common treatment of diseases by medical literature,but also the interdisciplinary basis for exploring the therapeutic function of literature.