逃离·空间·重写--论多克托罗的《韦克菲尔德》

Escape,Space and Rewriting:On Doctorow's Wakefield

美国当代著名作家E.L.多克托罗创作的短篇小说《韦克菲尔德》是对霍桑同名经典的重写,虽然采用原小说的题目和框架,但情节主旨已大不相同。多克托罗的《韦克菲尔德》采用第一人称叙事,关注人的精神世界,诠释了逃离主题;小说中的阁楼、自然保护地等空间不仅构成了小说的叙事背景,也是人物内心世界的表征,韦克菲尔德在多种空间的活动使他成为一个都市漫游者;多克托罗以重写的方式回应与致敬自己喜爱的作家霍桑,对主要人物韦克菲尔德及其妻子的形象进行了重塑,不仅推进了霍桑原作的流传与诠释,也利于多克托罗这部同名小说路身经典之列。

The short story Wakefield written by E.L.Doctorow,a famous contemporary American writer,is a rewriting of Hawthorne's short story of the same name.Although the title and frame of the original story are adopted,the main idea and the plots are quite different.Doctorow's Wakefield uses the first-person narration,focuses on human's spiritual world and interprets the theme of escape;In the story,the attic and the Nature Preserve not only constitute the narrative background of the story,but also the representation of the inner world of the protagonist.Wakefield's wanderings in various spaces indicate that he is an urban flaneur.Doctorow responded and paid tribute to his favorite writer Hawthorneby rewriting,he reinvented the images of Wakefield and his wife,which not only promoted the spread and interpretation of Hawthorne's original work,but also helped Doctorow createa new classic.