半夏泻心汤类方的方证释义与现代研究概况

Empirical Analysis and Modern Research of Banxia Xiexin Decoction(半夏泻心汤) Categorized Formula

半夏泻心汤类方是《伤寒论》中治疗寒热并存、虚实夹杂证的经典类方之一,包括半夏泻心汤、生姜泻心汤、甘草泻心汤。《伤寒论》中主要有以下条文论述半夏泻心汤类方方证,太阳病篇第149条:“但满而不痛者,此为痞,柴胡不中与之,宜半夏泻心汤。”《金匮要略·呕吐哕下利病脉证治第十七》:“呕而肠鸣,心下痞者,半夏泻心汤主之。”太阳病篇第157条:“伤寒,汗出,解之后,胃中不和,心下痞鞕,干噫食臭,胁下有水气,腹中雷鸣,下利者,生姜泻心汤主之。”太阳病篇第158条:“伤寒中风,医反下之,其人下利,日数十行,谷不化,腹中雷鸣,心下痞鞕而满,干呕,心烦不得安,医见心下痞,谓病不尽,复下之,其痞益甚,此非结热,但以胃中虚,客气上逆,故使鞕也,甘草泻心汤主之”。《金匮要略·百合狐惑阴阳毒病脉证治》第10条:“狐惑之为病,状如伤寒……蚀于上部则声喝,甘草泻心汤主之”。三方“同体而别名”,治疗脾胃升降失调导致的寒热错杂,虚实夹杂证。文章从病机、方药配伍及方证解读方面,考证《伤寒论》半夏泻心汤类方证;总结其近年来的药理研究进展,发现其具有抗炎镇痛、杀菌、免疫调节、保护黏膜等功效;列举了半夏泻心汤类方辨治痞证、胃疡、便秘、泄泻、狐惑等中医病证,及胃溃疡、慢性胃炎、溃疡性结肠炎、功能性消化不良、肠易激综合征、贝赫切特综合征等西医疾病,阐述了半夏泻心汤类方“异病同治”的原理,以期为半夏泻心汤类方的科学研究及临床应用提供有益的借鉴。

Banxia Xiexin Decoction(半夏泻心汤)categorized formula is one of the classical prescriptions in Treatise on Febrile Diseases,including Banxia Xiexin Decoction,Gancao Xiexin Decoction(甘草泻心汤)and Shengjiang Xiexin Decoction(生姜泻心汤).Treatise on Febrile Diseases mainly has the following articles to discuss syndromes of Banxia Xiexin Decoction categorized formula,Taiyang disease article 149:“But full without pain,this is the distension,bupleurum and it should be Banxia Xiexin Decoction.”Synopsis of the Golden Chamber·Vomiting under the Symptom of Diarrhoea of the Seventeenth:“Vomiting and intestinal rolling,the heart of ruppian,Banxia Xiexin Decoction.”Taiyang disease article 157:“Typhoid fever,sweating,solution,the stomach and the heart of the ruppie hard,dry eep eat smelly,hypochastous gas,abdominal thunder,the next benefit,Shengjiang Xiexin Decoction lord.”Taiyang disease article 158:“Stroke,medical under,the person with loose bowels,undigested food,intestines ring,under the new heart hard and full,retching,upset shall not,under the new medical see heart,disease,under the complex,its new profit,this not hot,but in the stomach,mention it in reverse,so make hard also,Gancao Xiexin Decoction lord”.Synopsis of the Golden Chamber·the Huhuo Disease Confused Yin and Yang Toxic Pulse Syndrome Treatment article 10:“Huhuo disease are like typhoid……It hurts when it erodes the throat,Gancao Xiexin Decoction lord.”Tripartite“same body and alias”,the treatment of spleen and stomach rise and fall disorder caused by cold and heat mixed,mixed with the syndrome of deficiency and reality.This paper studies the syndrome of Banxia Xiexin Decoction in Treatise on Febrile Diseases from the aspects of pathogenesis,compatibility of prescriptions and interpretation of prescriptions.The pharmacological research progress of Banxia Xiexin Decoction in recent years was summarized.It was found that Banxia Xiexin Decoction has the effects of anti-inflammatory,analgesic,sterilization,immune regulation and mucosal protection.Enumerates Banxia Xiexin Decoction categorized formula treating distension,stomach ulcers,constipation,diarrhea,Huhuo disease,such as traditional Chinese medicine disease,and gastric ulcer,chronic gastritis,ulcerative colitis,functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome,bayh chet syndrome and Western medicine disease,this paper expounds the Banxia Xiexin Decoction“different development”principle,in order to Banxia Xiexin Decoction categorized formula of scientific research and clinical application in order to provide the beneficial reference.