新修订《体育法》中意外伤害保险条款的立法罅漏及解释论应对

Legislative omissions and interpretation supplements of accident injury insurance provision in the newly revised Sports Law

新修订《体育法》第90条首次以法律形式确立大型体育赛事、高危险性体育赛事和高危险性体育项目的体育意外伤害保险制度。该条文在形式层面完善意外保险的制度体系,实质层面因应《民法典》自甘风险规则,形成“风险—责任—保险保障”的制度闭环。但是,囿于该条文的总括属性,“大型体育赛事”“应当和参与者协商投保”“参加期间”等概念的具体内涵和“同意规则”尚存在不完备甚至是留白之处。现阶段再次修法已不现实。为此,可以考虑以解释论的方法对上述概念、规则予以补充、落实,以期最大程度解决实践争议,进而为我国从体育大国走向体育强国提供较为完备的保险保障。

Article 90 of the newly revised Sports Law establishes for the first time in legislative form a sports accident injury insurance system for large-scale sports competitions,high-risk sports competitions and high-risk sports events.This article improves the system of accident insurance at the formal level and responds to the self-satisfaction risk rules of the Civil Code at the substantive level,and forming a closed loop of the risk-liability-insurance protection system with it.However,due to the umbrella property of the article,there are incomplete or even white space of the specific connotation of“large sporting events”“insurance should be negotiated with the participants”“insurance object”“participation period”and the“consent rule”.At this stage,it is not realistic to amend the law again.Therefore,we could use the interpretive approach to supplement and implement the above concepts and rules,so as to solve the practical disputes to the greatest extent and provide a more complete insurance protection for China from a large sports country to a strong sports country.