基于无人机测量的微地貌提取——以昆中断裂(巴隆-温泉段)为例

Micro Landform Extraction Based on UAV Photography Technology-Taking Kunzhong Fault(Balong Wenquan Section)as An Example

无人机测量具有高清晰度、大比例尺、小面积、高现势性的优点,为地貌参数获取提供更准确可靠的活动构造定量参数,克服传统测量方法工作量大、效率低、受自然条件限制等缺点,可提供厘米级定位数据,从而显著提升图像元数据的绝对精度。利用大疆精灵4 RTK小型多旋翼高精度航测无人机,获取昆中断裂(巴隆-温泉段)在龙通村北的高精度DEM地貌数据,通过对微地貌的提取,初步确定断裂在该处的水平位错量为2.1~15.4 m。分析获取的8条陡坎剖面,认为其中5条陡坎形成后受到水流侵蚀作用较小,陡坎高度基本相似,断裂实际垂直位错量为0.6~0.9 m。研究结果表明,无人机航测技术是识别复杂地貌构造信息并提取相关活动构造参数的有效手段,可为断裂的定量研究提供可靠的数据基础。

Uav measurement has the advantages of high definition,large scale,small area and high present situation,providing more accurate and reliable quantitative parameters of active structure for geomorphic parameter acquisition,overcoming the shortcomings of traditional measurement methods such as heavy workload,low efficiency and limited by natural conditions,and providing centimeterlevel positioning data,thus significantly improving the absolute accuracy of image metadata.In this paper,the high-precision DEM landform data of Kunzhong fault(Balong Wenquan section)in Longtong village are obtained by using Dajiang spirit 4rtk multi rotor aerial survey UAV.Through the extraction of micro landform,it is preliminarily determined that the horizontal dislocation of the fault is2.1~15.4 m.According to the analysis of the eight scarp profiles obtained,it is considered that five scarp is less eroded by water flow after its formation,the height of the scarp is basically similar,and the actual vertical dislocation of the fault is about 0.6~0.9 m.It is preliminarily considered that UAV aerial survey technology is an effective means to identify complex geomorphic structure information and extract relevant active structural parameters,which provides a reliable data basis for the quantitative study of faults.