骨架材料在钠金属负极中的应用研究进展

Research Progress on Applications of Skeleton Materials for Sodium Metal Anode

钠金属负极由于钠储量丰富、成本低廉,并且在低的工作电位(-2.71 V vs.标准氢电极)下具有高的理论容量(1166 mA·h·g^(-1)),被认为是下一代高能量密度钠离子电池的理想负极。然而,在循环过程中,不可控钠枝晶生长导致钠金属负极库伦效率低、循环稳定性差,甚至发生严重的安全问题,阻碍了其实际应用。众多研究工作表明,钠金属负极沉积骨架能够调控钠的沉积行为,对抑制钠枝晶生长有积极的影响。本文综述了多种骨架材料在钠金属负极中的应用研究进展,包括碳基骨架、MXene基骨架和金属基骨架,并对其未来的发展和研究方向进行了展望。

The sodium metal anode has attracted extensive attention for next-generation,high-energy-densitysodium ion batteries and its high theoretical capacity(1166 mA·h·g^(-1))at low redox potential(2.71 V versus standard hydrogen electrode)as well as the high natural abundance and low cost of Na resources.However,uncontrollable dendrite growth results in low Coulombic efficiency,poor cycling performance and even severe safety issues,which seriously hinder its practical applications.Numerous studies prove that the application of skeletons for sodium metal anodes can regulate Na deposition behavior and effectively inhibit dendrites growth during the Na plating/stripping process.In this review,we summarize the recent progress in the strategies of suppressing the Na dendritic by various skeleton materials,including carbon-based skeletons,MXene-based skeletons and metal-based skeletons.Furthermore,we discuss the development prospects and future research strategies of skeleton materials in sodium metal anode.