CTMH150铜合金接触线表面合金化防覆冰技术研究

Technology Research on CTMH150 Cu Alloy Contact Wire Alloyed Surface to Anti-icing

为了研究CTMH150型铜合金接触线表面合金化防覆冰技术,采用双辉等离子表面合金化加工技术(Ag极源)与等离子刻蚀技术(O离子)制备了CTMH150型铜合金接触线合金化超疏水表面试样。参照雨凇形成的自然条件进行了风洞模拟结冰试验,实验结果显示,CTMH150 Cu合金接触线合金化超疏水表面试样虽然无法完全避免结冰,但相较于对照组,显著减小了冰载强度,改变了冰晶在试样表面的存在形态,起到了明显的防覆冰效果。利用光学接触角测量仪测试了实验组与对照组的表面静态表观接触角和滞后角,其中试验组静态表观接触角不小于152°,滞后角不大于3°,与对照组相比,试验组的疏水性及抗润湿性得到了显著增强。通过AFM表征试验构建了合金化表面试样的特征结构形貌,结果表明,经等离子刻蚀后试样表面形貌整体呈现出符合Cassie理论模型的超疏水结构,其中刻蚀层厚度约为320 nm、平均表面粗糙度Rq约为43.7 nm。进一步地,通过沿合金化处理后的试样表面法线方向进行EDS分析可知,在表层厚度约为50μm的范围内,Ag元素分布稳定且均匀;对合金层区域的XRD分析结果显示,试样合金层中的组成相主要为Ag_(2)Cu、Cu_(3)Ag、AgCu_(2)等金属间化合物。

In order to study the anti icing technology of surface alloying of CTMH150 copper alloy contact wire,the superhydrophobic surface samples of CTMH150 copper alloy contact wire were prepared by double glow plasma surface alloying technology(Ag source)and plasma etching technology(O ion).According to the natural conditions of the formation of rime,the wind tunnel simulation icing test was carried out.From the experimental results,it can be seen that although the alloyed superhydrophobic surface sample of CTMH150 Cu alloy contact line can not completely avoid icing,compared with the control group,it significantly reduces the ice load strength,changes the existing form of ice crystals on the surface of the sample,and plays an obvious anti icing effect.The surface static apparent contact angle and hysteresis angle of the experimental group and the control group were measured by the optical contact angle measuring instrument.The static apparent contact angle of the experimental group was not less than 152°,and the hysteresis angle was not less than 3°.Compared with the control group,the hydrophobicity and anti wettability of the experimental group were significantly enhanced.The characteristic structure morphology of the alloyed surface sample was constructed by AFM characterization test.The results showed that the overall surface morphology of the sample after plasma etching showed a superhydrophobic structure in line with Cassie theory model,in which the thickness of the etching layer was about 320 nm and the average surface roughness Rqwas about 43.7 nm.Further,EDS analysis along the normal direction of the sample surface after alloying shows that the thickness of the surface layer is about 50μm,the distribution of Ag elements is stable and uniform;XRD analysis results was shown that the constituent phases in the alloy layer of the sample are mainly intermetallic compounds such as Ag_(2)Cu,Cu_(3)Ag,AgCu_(2).