多回击地闪下变电站雷电侵入波的仿真建模及防护

Simulation Modeling and Protection of Lightning Intrusion Wave in Substation Under Multiple Return Strike Cloud-ground Flashes

雷击是造成输电线路跳闸的主要原因之一,多回击地闪占总雷击地闪的30%~50%,多回击地闪下可能出现连续多个雷电流侵入线路,造成变电站设备损坏,因此有必要开展雷电多回击地闪参数及波形研究,以及连续雷击下变电站设备雷电侵入波建模及防护方法研究。首先,搭建考虑沿线电压、电流传播特性的人工引雷试验平台,进行人工引雷试验,测量引流杆多回击地闪雷电流波形参数和引出线的电压、电流分布;然后,基于实测多回击地闪雷电流波形,开展线路遭受连续雷击下变电站设备过电压等参数的电磁暂态仿真分析,将仿真结果与实测值进行比较,分析误差范围及原因;基于实测后续回击雷电流波形,针对某220 kV变电站开展多回击地闪雷击下站内设备电压、电流及避雷器能量的仿真分析,研究多回击地闪参数对站内设备绝缘设计的影响,并提出相应的防护措施。

Lightning strike is one of the main reasons for the tripping of transmission lines,and multiple return strike cloud-ground flashes account for about 30%~50%of the total lightning cloud-ground flashes.Under the multiple return strike cloud-ground flashes,there may be multiple continuous lightning current invading lines,causing damages to the equipment in the station.Therefore,it is necessary to carry out the researches on the parameters and waveforms of multiple return strike cloud-ground flashes as well as the modeling and protection methods of lightning intrusion waves of equipment in the station under the continuous lightning strikes.Firstly,an artificial triggered lightning test platform considering the propagation characteristics of voltage and current along the line was built to carry out the artificial lightning impulse test for measuring the waveform parameters of lightning current and the voltage and current distribution of the outgoing line.Then,according to the measured multiple return strike lightning current waveforms,the electromagnetic transient simulation analysis of substation equipment overvoltage under multiple continuous lightning strikes was made,the differences between the measured voltage and current and the simulation results were compared,and the error range and causes were analyzed.According to the measured lightning current waveforms and simulation modeling method,the simulation analysis of the voltage,current and arrester energy of the equipment in the station under the multiple return lightning strike was carried out for a 220 kV substation,the influence of the multiple return lightning parameters on the insulation design of the equipment in the station was studied,and the protective measures were put forward.