低阶煤制备高炉焦炭的研究进展

RESEARCH PROGRESS IN PREPARATION OF BLAST FURNACE COKE FROM LOW RANK COAL

我国优质炼焦煤资源储量不足且消耗迅速,导致焦炭价格急剧上涨,而低阶煤价格低廉,以其代替优质炼焦煤制备高炉用焦炭是个可行的选择。但低阶煤含水量高,粘结性低,如何合理开发利用是现在研究的重点。本文总结了目前低阶煤制备高炉焦的研究现状,综述了拓展炼焦煤资源、合理开发使用低阶煤的几种方法,包括捣固炼焦、型煤炼焦和低阶煤热萃取物做粘结剂。捣固焦技术虽能改善焦炭的组织和结构参数,进而提高焦炭质量,但其工艺的局限性使得低阶煤在焦炭中的配加比例依然保持在较低水平,且捣固焦不宜大规模适用于大型高炉;热压型煤技术可以解决低阶煤配入量低的问题,但未能解决其反应活性高的缺陷,并且由于工艺复杂,大部分研究依然停留在实验阶段,并未实现工业化生产;低阶煤热萃取物用做粘结剂有着良好的发展前景,可以有效增强原料的热塑性,并提高焦炭性能。针对现有低阶煤制备高炉焦工艺的不足,应重点关注低阶煤在型煤炼焦和低阶煤热萃取物作为炼焦粘结剂这两方面的应用。

The shortage and rapid consumption of high-quality coking coal resources in China lead to a sharp rise in the price of coke,but it is a choice to to replace with low-grade coal for the preparation of blast furnace coke is a feasible choice.However,the low rank coal has high water content and low cohesiveness,so how to develop and utilize it rationally is the key point of the present research.In this paper,the research status of blast furnace coke preparation from low rank coal is summarized,and several methods of developing coking coal resources and using low rank coal reasonably are summarized.It includes stamp coking,briquette coking and thermal extraction of low rank coal as binder.Although tamping coke technology can improve the structure and structure parameters of coke,and then improve the quality of coke,but the limitations of the process make the proportion of low rank coal in coke still keep at a low level,the hot briquetting technology can solve the problem of low coal rate in low rank,but it cannot solve the defect of high reactivity,and because of the complexity of the process,most of the research is still in the experimental stage,and has not realized the industrial production.The low-rank coal thermal extract has a good development prospect as a binder,which can effectively enhance the thermo plasticity of raw materials and improve the performance of coke.The application of low-rank coals in briquette coking and thermal extraction of low-rank coals as coking binder should be emphasized in view of the shortcomings of the existing blast furnace coke preparation process with low-rank coals.