晚稻种衣肥ZFWW-8的养分释放特性及应用效果初探

Nutrient Release Characteristics and Application Effect of Late-rice Seed-coating Fertilizer ZFWW-8

【目的】研究晚稻种衣肥ZFWW-8的养分释放特性并初步探索其应用效果,旨在为该产品的推广应用提供科学依据。【方法】用ZFWW-8包衣晚稻种子,测定包衣种子养分的初期释放率、微分释放率、释放期和累积释放率等研究其缓释性能;通过盆栽试验,与普通撒肥进行比较,研究晚稻种衣肥ZFWW-8对晚稻秧苗生长及生理指标的影响。【结果】晚稻种衣肥ZFWW-8中N的初期释放率<15%;微分释放率<1%;N、P、K的释放期分别为86.77,85.62,72.36 d;N的累积释放规律符合韦布尔函数方程,P和K的累积释放规律符合房室方程,缓释性能指标符合GB/T 23348—2009。晚稻种衣肥ZFWW-8包衣处理的种子,除出苗率和成秧率略低于普通撒肥的种子外,其他生理指标均明显优于普通撒肥种子;苗高、茎基宽、总根数比普通撒肥分别提高了3.96%、3.93%和19.3%;干重、单位苗高干重比普通撒肥分别提高了8.50%和4.92%;根系活力比普通撒肥提高了14.82%;秧苗体内N、P、K的含量和肥料吸收利用率分别增加了5.62%、6.04%、2.28%和25.8%、37.2%、19.6%。16~30 d内,ZFWW-8包衣处理的秧苗叶绿素显著高于普通撒肥,至35 d后才逐渐与普通撒肥持平。【结论】晚稻种衣肥ZFWW-8具有良好的缓释性能,能促进晚稻秧苗的生长且持效期较长。

[Objective]This study aims to explore the nutrient release characteristics of late-rice seed-coating fertilizer ZFWW-8 and investigate its application effect.[Method]Late-rice seeds were coated with ZFWW-8.The slow-release properties of coated seeds were studied by measuring the initial release rate,differential release rate,release period and cumulative release rate of nutrients;The effects of late-rice seed-coating fertilizer ZFWW-8 on the growth and physiological and biochemical indexes of late-rice seedlings were studied by pot experiment.The effect of pot experiment was compared with that of common fertilizer.[Result]The results showed that the initial release rate of N was less than 15%;Differential release rate was less than 1%;The release periods of N、P and K were 97.94 d,88.08 d and 72.36 d respectively;The cumulative release law of N conformed with Weibull function equation,and the cumulative release law of P and K conformed with atrioventricular equation.Its slow release performance index conformed with GB/T23348-2009.The seeds coated with late-rice seed-coating fertilizer ZFWW-8 had significantly better physiological indexes than the common fertilized seeds,except that the seedling emergence rate and seedling formation rate were slightly lower than those of the common fertilized seeds;The seedling height,stem base width and total number of roots increased by 3.96%,3.93%and 19.3%respectively compared with those of the common fertilizer;The fresh weight,dry weight and dry weight per unit seedling height increased by 12.8%,8.50%and 4.92%respectively compared with those of the common fertilizer;The root activity was 14.82%higher than that of common fertilizer;The contents of N,P and K in the seedlings and the fertilizer absorption and utilization rate increased by 5.62%,6.04%,2.28%and 25.8%,37.2%and 19.6%respectively.Within 16-30 days,the chlorophyll of seedlings treated with ZFWW-8 coating was significantly higher than that of common fertilizer,and it was gradually equal to that of the common fertilizer after 35 days.[Conclusion]Late-rice seed-coating fertilizer ZFWW-8 has good slow-release performance and can promote the growth of late-rice seedlings and has a long duration.